Sustanbility major paper: The Ecological Footprint ( 750 to 1000 words)

Language Contact Situation Essay

Language contact is one the most researched social science problem in the modern society. There has been a need to explain the events that always take place during such interactions, and their possible outcome. According to Baker and Hengeveld (2012), when there is an interaction between two or more communities, it is likely that the language spoken by the dominant group will prevail over other smaller spoken languages. A linguistic diglossic relationship will develop especially when two or more languages have almost similar number of speakers (Rosenberg 2003). Analyzing this relationship among children can be very interesting because the barrier in language will not stop them from the urge to interact and play together. This analysis will also give a true result of this relationship because children would talk freely without fear of ridicule from peers. In this study, the focus was on the experience of international students at CBU bringing up their young children in Cape Breton in an English dominant environment. This study was conducted within a small location with a high number of international students within Cape Breton. The focus was to determine the result of the interaction of different languages that these young children had learnt as their first languages. According to Baker and Hengeveld (2012), young children have a higher ability to learn a foreign language than the older people. This is partly attributed to their aggressiveness in trying to understand a foreign language by making several mistakes and learning from these mistakes. One thing that was observed was that, in this community, the first language for these young children was numerous. This population had Africans, Arabs, Indians, Portuguese, Chinese and European. The language was so diverse that it was difficult for the children to learn all of them. During the initial interactions of these young children with varying languages, it was interesting to witness their manner of speech. Most of the communication was done using sign language. One child would issue an instruction in its mother tongue only for the other party to respond in a different language. Although this phenomenon was a little shocking to them, they easily adapted to it. It was witnessed that these young children would try to pick some words from other parties that were commonly used in order to make the communication easier. However, their language gradually converged to English because of a number of factors. According to Baker and Hengeveld (2012) children are great learners and they would be attentive to observe environmental factors that affect them directly. It would be interesting to analyze why the language of these children shifted from their mother tongue to English. Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More According to the research by Baker and Hengeveld (2012), a dominant language will always eclipse other minor languages in case of language interactions. This scholar says people would find it easy adopting the dominant language, especially if it is the language of the natives. This is what took place in this particular case. When these children went playing as a group, one common language that was coming out was English. Some of these children had already learnt English besides their mother tongue out of their parents’ initiatives. When they realized that some of their peers could understand English, they considered switching from their first language to this common language. This forced those who could not learn English to make an effort and learn the language. Some of the words that were learnt within a short period of interaction included ball, shoot, friend, run, and thank you. These were words that were common during such games. There were instances when some of these children engaged in what one would consider a learning process. A child would be seen explaining some words to its peer so that they could communicate effectively. This played a great role in helping them understand this language. The communication between these children at school, in the playing field, or at home also played a major role in enhancing their knowledge of English. In their preparatory school, the language that was used by the teachers was English. This means that these children had to understand this language. Such interactions also made them realize that this English was the right language to be used in social forums. In the playing fields, these young children interacted with adults who were giving those instructions, guidance, or other such interactions. Their communication would be made in English. This was a further pointer to these youngsters that this was the language for all social forums. Finally, the interaction with their parents and family friends back at home also played a major role in making them shift from their mother tongue to English. For instance, Arab child would be greeted by a Chinese family friend in English. At first, the child will take time to respond based on the guidance of the parents. However, they would slowly come to understand that this is the language they should speak in their everyday life. As Rosenberg (2003) observes, it is common for such children to forget their mother tongue, unless their parents decides to engage them actively in their language as they develop. References Baker, A.,

MDC Social Behavioral Learning Distinguishing Fact from Opinion Discussion

online assignment help MDC Social Behavioral Learning Distinguishing Fact from Opinion Discussion.

I’m working on a health & medical writing question and need support to help me understand better.

Drugs in the News: Distinguishing Fact from OpinionIntroductionThis assignment is designed to develop your critical thinking skills, particularly in distinguishing facts from opinions. The statement “Over one billion dollars was used to prohibit drug use and drug trafficking last year” is a fact that can be verified by checking the relevant research on the subject. The statement “The federal government has not spent enough money to stop drug abuse and drug trafficking” is an expressed opinion. Not all statements of fact are true, unfortunately, because some are based on false or inaccurate information. For this assignment, however, you should be concerned primarily with understanding the difference between those statements that appear to be factual and those statements that appear to be based upon opinion.Learning ExercisesSelect a brief report from the media, excluding the Internet (print form is best, but you can work from radio or television reports, if you have recorded them) regarding drugs, drug use, or drug use problems in a medical context. Advertisements cannot to be used for this assignment. An online article from a non-Internet-based organization, which produces news for outlets other than the Internet, will be accepted. For example, an article from USA Today online or CNN online is okay. An article from Yahoo or Huffington Post will not be accepted. I hope that this information is helpful.Identify those statements that appear to be based upon facts and those that appear to be based upon opinion.Review the whole report, summarize its major statements, and comment on its overall value in covering the issue.Write a paper (no more than two (2) pages in length using 12-point, Times New Roman font, 1.5 line spacing), giving an account of the above researched information.Upload the actual article or report (as a PDF document).
MDC Social Behavioral Learning Distinguishing Fact from Opinion Discussion

Political Science homework help

Political Science homework help. Most Poll samples are based on random digit dialing of telephone numbers.  This does produce a random sample of those with a phone number, but are any Americans left out of the sample?  Do you think American who have no home phone or cell phone are different in any politically meaningful ways from Americans who do have a phone?,Most Poll samples are based on random digit dialing of telephone numbers,Chapter 8, 1.     Most Poll samples are based on random digit dialing of telephone numbers.  This does produce a random sample of those with a phone number, but are any Americans left out of the sample?  Do you think American who have no home phone or cell phone are different in any politically meaningful ways from Americans who do have a phone?, 2.    What do public opinion polls reveal about the attitudes younger Americans have toward government since 9/11?, 3.    An overwhelming majority of Americans express support for ,the freedoms of political minorities, in the abstract.  Yet when asked whether they support freedom of speech of atheists, communists, or neo-Nazis, many say no.  What do you think explains this contradiction?,Chapter 9,4.     Firstly, Which structural, historical and cultural factors account for the endurance of the two-party system?, 5.    Secondly, What role has voters’ frustration with Republican and Democratic “politics as usual” played in reshaping the party system in the past decade?  Additionally, Will the “Tea Protests” translate to changes in the party system?, 6.    Thirdly, With more and more voters developing their own “personal” relationships with candidates through the Internet and television, how will parties have to change to enlist their support?,Chapter 10 (Read Compared to WHAT?, On page 312 to answer questions 7 and 8), 7.   Also, How do you think Americans would react to this type of democratic government?, 8.   Further, Would some prefer to select only Republican or Democrat on a ballot without learning anything about the individual candidates running?  Might others reject the movement away from character-based campaigns?,Chapter 11,1.     Besides, How will the Internet increase or diminish the number and type of interest groups, and how might it change their operation?  Which websites on the Internet, or new technological devices, will be most useful in 21st-century lobbying?, 2.    Also, What was the intent of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995?, 3.    Further, Do you believe that corporations, organizations, and interest groups should have the same First Amendment free speech rights as ordinary citizens?  Should they have an unlimited right to pay for any ads to influence elections during a campaign?, 4.    Lastly, What is cyber lobbying, and how will it help or hinder American democracy?,Chapter 12, 5.    In what way does the mass media shape the way in which Americans think about and participate in the democratic process?, 6.    Do you believe that with cable news stations (like Fox News and MSNBC) and ideological-leaning news (like The Huffington Post and The Drudge Report) we are returning to the age of the partisan press?  What impact does biased news reporting have on the democratic ideal?, 7.    In a democracy, how would you characterize the responsibilities of the media during wartime?, 8.    What is the significance of the “international proliferation” of the Internet?,Attachments,Click Here To Download,Political Science homework help

Study On Substance Abuse Among Nurses

Alcohol and drug addiction are foremost, habitual, advanced, and often a catastrophic problem. United States society does not acknowledge addiction as a disease, but as a moral failure or lack of will power. (Trossman 27) Several nurses are reserved when faced with a colleague who may have a substance-abuse addiction because of dedication, concerns of being a hypocrite, or concerns of threatening a colleague’s license to practice. Substance abuse addiction must be accepted as an illness so that nurses can help one another recognize and seek treatment for the problem. The prevalence of substance abuse in the nursing population has not been fully documented, but it is thought to be equal to the general population. An estimated 10 percent of the nursing population has an alcohol and/or drug abuse problem, and of that 6 percent of nurses have problems that are serious enough to interfere with their ability to practice. (Ponech) The American Nurses Association shows that 6 percent to 8 percent of nurses abuses alcohol or drugs to an extent adequate enough to impair their professional judgment. (Daprix) Nurses tend to use prescription-type medication more than marijuana and cocaine. (Trinkoff) Statistics show that nurses are more likely to practice sobriety when compared to other occupations. (9) A significant underlying reason for nurses to participate in substance abuse is associated to family histories that include emotional impairment, alcoholism, drug use, and/or emotional abuse that result in low self-esteem, overachievement, and overwork. (Monahan) Nurses are often highly caring individuals who often take on the role of caregivers, which could be healthy or unhealthy; this characteristic attracts them to the nursing field. Many nurses find this occupation allows them to continue with the role of a caregiver, the same role they play as the children of alcoholic parents. (Monahan) Nurses have a higher occurrence rate of alcoholism then their family history. (Fisk) One statistic shows that family alcoholism contributed to alcohol abuse in approximately 80 percent of nurses who had an alcoholic family member. (Stammer) Stress in the workplace presents another reason for why some nurses abuse substances. Increased workloads, decreased staffing, double shifts, mandatory overtime, rotating shifts, and floating to unfamiliar units all contribute to feelings of alienation, fatigue, and, ultimately, stress. (Bennett, Mustard) Many nurses are workaholics and are addicted to their careers so they choose to deal with these issues. (Trossman) Nurses are also at risk for substance abuse due to the high availability of medications in their workplace, and with their knowledge of pharmacological agents, this provides a climate that makes it seem safe to correct internal feelings or illnesses. (Serghis) Nurses have always been taught that medications solve problems such as pain, infections, and anxiety. Not only are medications highly accessible, but nurses wrongly believe that they are able to control and monitor their personal self treatment without becoming addicted. (Creighton, Ellis) Nurses become familiar with controlled substances and easy access to them increases the changes that they will use them for personal use. Due to the fact that nurses administer these medications and watch how they affect their patents, they tend to falsely believe that they can control and monitor their own personal use. (Trinkoff) Some nurses “believe that they are immune to the negative consequences of drug use because they are so familiar with drugs.” (Trinkoff 581) The effectiveness of a nurse’s job performance can be aggravated by sleep deprivation, a poor social life, financial problems and being overworked. Several nurses blame psychological or physical pain, emotional problems that are too complex to handle, added with a demanding, high -pressure, and stressful work environment reasons that led them to chemical substance abuse. (Stammer) Even though these nurses who abuse substances have a hard time admitting that they have problems, they are well-liked and respected, highly skilled, and ambitious.(Stammer) Statistics shows that nurses who abuse alcohol “tend to be achievement oriented people who strive to be ‘super nurses’ at work and ‘superwomen’ elsewhere.” (Stammer 79) Studies have proven that nurses don’t abuse substances more than the rest of the society, (Trinkoff) there are nursing subgroups that are more prone. Exposure to death and dying, lack of education on alcohol and medication hazards, and burnout in general increase the risk of substance abuse. (Trinkoff) Every nursing specialty has different personnel factors, demands and availability of controlled substances. Critical care nurses, in the emergency rooms, intensive care units, and operating rooms, show more prescription-type substance abuse along with easier access. (Trinkoff) The frequency of patients dying, work pace, work demands, access to controlled substances results in an increase in substance abuse for these subgroups. (Trinkoff) Critical care unit nurses show to be emotionally and technically demanding. Nurses can have feelings of failure, if patients die unexpectedly. These work demands can test a nurse’s training which can have its downfalls, leaving the nurse with high levels of stress. Oncology nurses have increased substance abuse rates, specifically with alcohol, and binge drinking. (Trinkoff) It is thought that these nurses are trying to distance themselves from the emotional pain they are experiencing while working with patients who have cancer, so they use alcohol to cope. (Monahan) Psychiatric nurses experience increase levels of substance use, this practice is heavily oriented around pharmacologic agents. (Trinkoff) These nurses tend to self-medicate more because they are exposed to a culture that accepts using psychotropic medications to cope with life. Psychiatric nurses tend to be more willing to report their substance abuse than other specialties because they tend to believe this is an acceptable form of treatment. (Trinkoff) The lowest nurses to report use of addictive substances are pediatric and women’s health nurses. (Trinkoff) This is most likely due to the lack of availability of these substances, or these types of nurses are emotionally expressive. Most people that express their feelings may have less need for substance use. (Trinkoff) Some nurses may be successful at disguising or hiding a drinking or drug problem, other peers that are familiar with substance abuse are more likely to detect it. (Bennett) Many of the symptoms are general, but when the nurse’s behavior is scrutinized over a period of time, the outcome becomes conclusive. Symptoms such as poor job performance, such as excessive time off, isolation, fatigue, mood swings, and impaired cognition. (Bennett) Nurses who abuse drugs may support their addiction with prescription medications. They may forge prescriptions, or divert medications directly from patients or the unit’s supply. (Ponech) Nurses may use saline to substitute for a patient’s dose, and save the medication for their personal use. Another way to distract medications would be to sign them out for patients who are discharged, or needed medication for patients that have not requested it. (Ponech) Recognizing that substance abuse is a medical illness that requires treatment is start in helping addicted nurses get the help and support needed to become productive members of society and nurses again. Nurses that are suspected of abusing substances need to be reported. Even though it is an emotional issue that follows reporting a colleague, it would be less hampered if the patient being treated by a nurse that was impaired was a loved one. This is a higher level of nursing that every nurse should practice.