SUNY Buffalo State College Societal Change and Business Paper

writers choice Essay

MLO 5 – Administer the Words Their Way Spelling Inventory to a struggling reader and examine assessment results (Aligns with CLO 1 and 3) Why is it important to scaffold reading instruction for students? Which principles do you find most relevant for phonics and spelling instruction? What is the role of word sorting for teaching new word knowledge? integrate experiences of the candidates in order to contemplate their ideas on the concepts/topics in the different course sessions. Furthermore, the candidates will investigate teaching practices and will contribute ideas from the instructor and fellow classmates.

IUB Natural Disaster Risk Assessments and Risk Management Research Paper

online homework help Table of Contents Risk Identification And Justification IUB Vulnerability Risk Assessment of the Threat Plan of Action for My Personal Safety Conclusion Work Cited Risk Identification And Justification The identified disaster risk is tornado, which is defined as “a violently rotating column in contact with the ground that is usually overhanging from a parent cumulonimbus cloud” (Vinod 2011, par 7). This disaster brings lots of impacts to the community living in the region. Though most Tornados last for only a few minutes, they have been viewed as being the most destructive meteorological disasters in the world. However, there are those Tornados which might last for several hours, and might even travel for a very long distance apart from being wide. Due to the fact that this risk is prone during storms, heavy rains and bad weather conditions particularly in the evening, Indiana University Bloomington (IUB) will be affected most in case Tornado strikes the region. This is because of its location and weather patterns. In addition, since IUB is located within right front Quadrant, it will be affected by tornadoes and heavy rains; which might lead to life and property loss, as well as infrastructure destruction. IUB Vulnerability Due to the fact that Tornado is a natural disaster that locations around IUB need to be prepared of; there are lots of vulnerabilities in the University. There are many facilities in IUB that are being controlled by many people. For instance, in case the disaster happens and affect learning institutions like Universities in the region, the university will incur a lot of losses. For example, the university has buildings being used as classrooms, offices, dining halls, stores, and hostels among other things. In case such buildings are destroyed by Tornado, the university will have to incur lots of expenses to rebuild them. In addition, in case classrooms are destroyed, learning activities will be affected much. This is because before rebuilding, learning process for students within the campus will come to a standstill first. On the other hand, if hostels are destroyed, where will boarding students spend their night? This means that the university will have to either incur other expenses of renting houses for them, or close the university till they rebuild them. Nevertheless, in case dining places are destroyed, it will be very hard for students, lecturers and university workers to have their meals. There are other buildings within the university being used as seminar and meeting rooms. Such buildings might not necessarily be used by student population, but they might be used by lecturers, administrators and even the surrounding communities. In case of destruction, what will happen to them? Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Nevertheless, the IUB houses other buildings which are being used as business premises, and a very large percentage of such buildings will be destroyed in case Tornado strikes the area. This will result to a halt of important services offered by this business community. Apart from this stoppage, it will also result to destruction of income sources of such individuals who drives the economy of the country. There are other buildings within IUB that might bring lots of effect to the livelihood of the community leaving in IUB, for instance, the libraries acting as source of information to all people. In addition, the university houses the supercomputing and as well as network equipment which in total costs about 50 million dollars. In case this centre is destroyed, the information technology will incur a very big loss. To protect the centre from Tornado destruction, the university has constructed an “82,700 square-foot Data Centre is designed to withstand the strongest tornadoes, as well as a host of other potential disasters” (Indian Red Cross 2008, par 8). On the other hand, structures like roads will be destroyed, and this will lead to a halt in transport within and without IUB. There are chances that communications within and without the region will be cut down, and this will have lots of impacts on the community, government and non government agencies (Vinod 2011, par 3). In general, the university has placed several warnings concerning Tornado occurrences and ways through which people can stay safe. Risk Assessment of the Threat Though Tornados are very destructive in nature, the probability that they will strike India including IUB is very low. It is perceived that, in a year, this disaster might happen only once or twice. Most of these tornados in India have been reported during April and June, which are hot months in India (Indian Red Cross 2008, par 4). The most destructive incidences have been observed in “northeast India, northwest India, central parts of the Country and southwest Peninsula. Tornados over eastern and north-eastern parts of the country are more severe in intensity than those of other regions” (Geophys Union 2005, par 5). In 2002, Ellettsville town, which is only a few miles from IUB, experienced an F3 category tornado. This disaster occurred with winds travelling at a speed of 200 miles per hour. This led to a destruction of properties worth $ 10 million. Plan of Action for My Personal Safety My action plan for personal safety entails the following activities: We will write a custom Research Paper on IUB Natural Disaster Risk Assessments and Risk Management specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Leaving my home immediately the government announces evacuation program. Am always aware of security conditions around the area by listening to news and reading newspapers. I have identified exit routes and emergence telephone numbers. Always avoiding overcrowded areas as they seem to be more insecure and dangerous. Checking and listening to news updates concerning weather condition. Checking out for special medicines as well as drugs Moving valuables to safer grounds in advance. Staying indoors part away from windows Some of the necessary resources during Tornado include money, boats, axes, food, radio/television, batteries, imperishable foods, spotlight, blankets, phone and very strong houses (Emergency.iub.edu 2011, par 8). Conclusion The occurrence of Tornado around IUB is real. This is as a result of its geographical location as well as historical events. Due to the fact that this area has learning institutions like Indiana University Bloomington and other infrastructures being used by many people from different regions as well as from IUB itself, the impact will be of great loss to the population in case the population is not well prepared. The event will not only affect economic activities, but it will also have lots of effects on peoples social life, and students’ education. However, in case the community around IUB is well educated and prepared, then this risk will be managed. Education can be conducted to ensure that people know what to do to ensure that they are safe, for instance, building windstorm resistant houses. The federal emergency management authorities should also educate people on how to inculcate disaster preparedness culture among the people of IUB. During evacuation, it is good to carry things like blankets, imperishable foods, apart from knowing exit routs and emergency phone numbers. Work Cited Indian Red Cross. Severe Local Storms and Tornadoes. 2008. Web. Vinod, Sharma. Natural Disaster Management in India. 2011. Web. Geophys Union. Extreme Weather Events over India in the last 100 years. 2005. Web. Emergency. Preparing Campuses for Protection. 2011. Web. Not sure if you can write a paper on IUB Natural Disaster Risk Assessments and Risk Management by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Current Computing Research on Long Term Data Storage

Samuel Kahura Wachira Evaluation of Current Computing Research on Long Term Data Storage Abstract The increasing number of digitized documents and the content explosion that has been experienced in this digital age has necessitated the research into the Long Term Data Storage. There are various methods, modes and approached to this problem. Whichever the solution, it must adhere to these principles: the media or technology should be affordable, flexible, durable and readily accessible and readable by any software. This paper will be examining the current state of available technology for long term data storage, especially on the development of long term storage, the various existing and upcoming hardware, the issues that affect Long Term Storage of Digital data and some possible solutions. In this paper, strategies for preservation of data in specific formats and mediums are also investigated. 1.0 Introduction Long-term data storage is considered to be one of the biggest topics discussed in the field of Information Technology today. This is attributed to the fact that valuable information faces the threat of becoming unreadable owing to overreliance on paper as a medium of storage. In the modern face the danger of becoming unreadable thus the need to digitize the documents by use of Long Term Digital Preservation (LTDP). Factor et. al. (2009), describes Long Term Digital Preservation as being a set of processes, strategies and tools which can be to store and thereafter access digital data for periods long enough in the wake of changing technologies, formats, hardware, software as well as technical communities. There has been an increase in the amount of digital information, as well as the aging of existing digital heritage. Well-publicized examples of such losses have resulted into an urgent need to deal with the challenge of long-term preservation of data. It is therefore important for us to understand the components (both hardware and software), the technology, the standards and the research that is being conducted to give us a stable , larger, faster capacity storage system. We are also able to appreciate the steps that we have made as regards storage size, speed, durability and stability od data storage devices. 1.1 Development of Long Term Digital Storage A study by Kremser (2012), on long term digital storage revealed that as time goes by, there are many risks that threaten data integrity. Some of such threats include: deterioration and/or obsolescence of storage media, obsolescence of the data format or in general the software needed for running the application for accessing the data such as old operating systems. Such a risk is closely related to hardware architectures. It follows therefore that in order to ensure long term data preservation one has to overcome the problem of non-prompt memory institutions, including libraries, museums, archives as well as other cultural heritage institutions. Magnetic tape showed the way to consumer-grade data holding equipment. Since then, storage has pervaded nearly every gadget , electronics, form printers, Home appliances, mobile devices etc. This consumerization is driving the market forces to research more and innovate. Farley (2009) argues that careful selection of the electronic medium essential in order to deal with the many hazards that result from overreliance digital storage media which are not instantly apparent. It is evident that data to be archived needs to be retrievable; otherwise the purpose of archiving is negated. In this regard therefore, the use of the Internet could as well eliminate the need to have a single point data storage in the future, if at all the data can be stored and at the same time be retrieved simultaneously on numerous different host computers given that each individual computer upgraded or replaced, the data is therefore retained on other host computers. Technology and Long Term Data Storage “Technology comprises of discoveries in sciences, product development and improvement in machinery, process, and automation as well as information technology” (Kurnet, 2012). These developments are changing the way that service firms and consumers interact, and are raising a host of research and practice issues relating to the delivery of e-service. Electronic-service is becoming increasingly important not only to determine the success or failure of electronic commerce, but also in the provision of consumers with a superior experience in regard to the interactive flow of information. Technology has become a leading ‘driving force’ nowadays, in different businesses (Ahmed et. al. (2011). As such it is important to research the investments in technology and their impact in the telecom business. It is particularly essential to assess how technology is reducing the ‘labour intensive activities, reducing service as well as processing cost, increasing service levels, not forgetting improving the productivity and competitiveness of the telecom sector. 1.3 Economics of Long Term Digital Storage Rosenthal et.al (2012) has some interesting findings as regards the Economics of Long Term Digital Storage. In the paper of the same title, the authors analyse and present facts that support the conclusion that the decrease in cost per bit of storage in this decade, is likely to be much slower or it might eventually stop. “This in turn will make the expenditure commitment implied by a decision to preserve some digital content much bigger and much harder to predict than would be expected on the basis of history”. Rosenthal et.al (2012). Additionally, Rosenthal et.al (2013). and Goldstein et.al (2010) agree that there will be an increase in the importance of developing accurate and predictive models of storage as well as other preservation costs, as IT budgets become ever smaller. When organizations recognize the Total Cost of ownership of preserving data for long periods, they migt consider investing in SSD (Solid Stata Drives) which although are initially expensive, will realize a lower TCO than traditional disks, whilw at the same time improve performace of data read and write operations. Rosenthal et.al (2013). 1.3.1 The OAIS Model According to CCSDS Secretariat (2012), OAIS (Open Archival Information System) is an ISO standard that is intended to be a referential design of digital archives with long term preservation capabilities. Three basic roles are defined in the model: producer, consumer and management. The OAIS Model (CCSDS et al 2012) The OAIS model defines functional entities Ingest, Data Management, Archival Storage, Access, Preservation Planning, and Administration. OAIS is more than a strict specification of referential model. OAIS is a set of vague advice on how to build a digital archive. It identifies some basic actors/roles, describes the data and their flows in the systems. The central notion of OAIS is an information package. There are three types of packages SIP (Submission Information Package), AIP (Archival IP), and DIP (Dissemination IP) depending on the life cycle of the data. The content of those packages slightly differs, but in general there are some descriptive and structural metadata, the manifest describing the content and the data itself. 1.4 Standardization of Formats for Data Archiving In order for data to be readable in future, it will have to adhere to some form of standards. Hajicek and Studensky (2005) were of the opinion that SGML would eventually become the de-facto standard for data archiving, since it covered most of the criteria for archiving. Standard Generalized Markup Language is considered to be an international standard when defining device-independent, as well as system-independent methods of representing texts in electronic form (Goldfarb, 2010). However, Hajicek et.al (2005) also suggest that SGML itself does not provide us with a solution for presentation of non-textual data and dynamic nonlinear (interactive) documents. XML is a lightweight cut-down version of SGML that keeps just enough of the functionality so as to make it useful. It is therefore aimed at making SGML usable easily. This discussion shows the importance of standardization in the march towards long term data storage. 1.5 Data Storage Media The selection, storage as well as handling of media is very important when it comes to data storage. This is because we need to understand the various storage media that has been in existence, and is still being developed. Some Storage media has also been overtaken by technology, e.g. floppy disks, resulting in rapid discontinuation of previous formats. 1.5.1 Magnetic Media Magnetic media makes use of magnetic particles that which are suspended in a non-magnetic film or metallic disks that are then magnetized.. Magnetic media is a flexible, low cost storage medium that has the ability to retain magnetic charges. It requires Clean operating conditions as well as environments to reduce the scope for damage to media and devices. 1.5.2 Optical Media Optical storage media on the other hand uses laser light to read data from the discs. Optical Storage Media exists in different types such as CD-ROM as well as DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc – Read Only Memory). Ross

Need chemistry help with a solution that has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 0.0030M

Need chemistry help with a solution that has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 0.0030M.

A solution has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 0.0030M. What is the pOH of the solution?Select one:a. 11.48b. 2.52c. 7.00d. 8.19
Need chemistry help with a solution that has a hydroxide-ion concentration of 0.0030M