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Promote Effective Whistle Blowing Philosophy Essay

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To promote effective whistle-blowing, Singapore had establish a framework under the Singapore Code of Corporate Governance where one guideline stated that the AC (audit committee) should review the policy and arrangements by which staff of the company or other persons may raise concerns about possible improprieties in matters of financial reporting or other matters. Arrangements for such concerns to be raised must also in place and independently investigated, and for appropriate follow-up action to be taken. The existence of a whistle-blowing policy should be disclosed in the company’s Annual Report, and procedures for raising such concerns should be publicly disclosed as appropriate. Implementing such procedures can promote whistle-blowing as it legitimize whistle-blowing and provide formal channels for resolving complaints (Near and Miceli, 1995). This essay will explore several ethical points of views to justify if employees should have the duty to whistle-blow on unethical or illegal acts: utilitarianism, an ethical framework which focuses on the outcomes or results of actions deontology; an ethical theory which is concerned moral actions. Utilitarianism is defined as the ethical tradition which directs us to make decision based on overall consequences of our action (Hartman and Desjardins 2008). Weeks and Nantel (1996) also claims that an one acting on utilitarianism considers the maximum benefits towards its beneficiaries. An action is considered good or right if it results in more good consequences over the bad ones (Beauchamp and Bowie, 1997: 22). Therefore, a utilitarian would attempt to actions that will maximize net social bene¬ts as a result of their actions (Lamsa, 1999: 346). Bentham (1781) claims that human beings are utilitarian by nature. Bentham (1781) says that when reasoning a moral decision from a utilitarian view, a highly sophisticated hedonic calculus which constitutes of seven considerations, are involved. These considerations comprises of intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, purity, fecundity and extent. The category ‘extent’ measures the degree of our moral decisions impacting others. Hence, it is consistent that utilitarian calculations are used to consider the well-being of others as a heavily weighted factor in determining a course of action (Bentham, 1781). Deontology On contrary to utilitarianism, deontology is maintains that the morality of an action is based on series of rules and principles, rather than the consequences of the action. According to Kant (1780), to act in a morally right way, one should act from duty, regardless of the consequences (Kitson and Campbell, 1996: 13). Kant (1780) argues that the “good will” of a person cannot be determined by the consequences of the act of willing as good consequences could be resulted by accident from an action motivated by bad intentions, whereas bad consequences could be resulted from an action with good intentions. He claims that a person with good will ‘acts out of respect for the moral law’ as they feel they have a duty to do so. Kant suggested that an action is only morally right if you were willing to have everyone act in a similar way in a similar situation (Lamsa, 1999: 347). Kant believed that actions should respect underlying moral law; a person’s motives should re¬‚ect recognition of a duty to act – and that morality provides a rational framework of rules, which constrains and guides people (Beauchamp and Bowie, 1997: 33; Kant, 2000: 54-5). So should employees have the duty to whistle-blow? Both ethical theories of utilitarianism and deontology discusses whistle-blowing in the context of moral duty. Whistle-blowers acting on the theory of utilitarianism would consider about the likely outcomes of their decision and will only blow the whistle if the rewards outweigh the costs (Southwood, 2001) whereas for those who are acting on the theory of deontology will blow the whistle if they think is morally right as moral obligations are irrelevant with the consequences. Using Bentham’s utilitarian perspective, one can argue that the negative effects of whistle-blowing can outweigh the rewards. So while an individual aims to disclose the unethical behaviours of an organisation so as to prevent the organisation from further wrongdoings, one would have to consider, as Bok introduced, the three types of conflicting loyalties; conflict between public interest of various sorts, conflict between loyalty and the organisation and the colleagues, and lastly the conflict between recognition and retaliation to the whistle-blower. The first conflict is the conflict between the public interests. Potential whistle-blowers would have to consider if stepping forward is in fact for the public interest. They would measure the extent of the threat and also consider if their actions would improve. The second conflict is their loyalty to the organisation and their peers. The employees, as human beings, will naturally form relationships with their colleagues and their loyalty, respect, commitment and emotional ties will also be developed for their workplace. Hence, by enforcing a duty for employees to whistle-blow would override their loyalties and organisation. The last conflict is the recognition and retaliation of whistle-blowing. In most cases of whistle-blowing the whistle blower stands alone against the majority; the organisation, their colleagues, the government and even their family. Hence, there would likely be a high potential of the whistle-blower suffering retaliation, such as losing their job, being called a ‘rat’ or ‘mole’ in the organisation and even suffer punishment as their organisation did if they were to be involved in the wrongdoings as well. Other severe consequences include affecting others such the whistle-blower’s family, their close peers and even the entire organization. These negative consequences can be damaging in many ways; psychologically, sociologically and otherwise. Such scenario can be related to a real case occurred in Singapore. In 2005, in the Singapore’s National Kidney Foundation (NKF) Scandal, ex-Chief Executive Officer, T.T Durai, as well as other board of directors, were charged for misusing of public funds under the Prevention of Corruptions Act by the Police. However, before the scandal, accusations had already been about T.T Durai squandering and misusing of the funds for his own personal needs. The first two whistle-blowers, one of them being a volunteer of NKF, were summoned to court separately for defamation when both claimed that T.T. Durai had been travelling in Singapore Airlines’ first-class cabin. Both had to pay an undisclosed amount of damages to NKF and offer an apology as well. A cure-suffering father of one of the whistle-blower passed away upon learning about the law suit. The third whistle-blower was sued by NKF when she circulated an e-mail accusing the foundation of paying their staffs high bonuses instead of helping the poor and needy. She also warned the public about donating to the foundation. In results of her action, she had to pay a lump sum of S$50,000 in damages to NKF and also publish a public apology on local newspapers. After the scandal was exposed, though T.T Durai and the board members involved had been punished by the law, the three whistle-blowers had already suffered major negative consequences. Not only did the whistle-blowers not achieve their goal in disclosing the organisations’ illegal behaviour, they suffered serious punishment under the law and one of them even lost a family member indirectly as a result of his actions. Given the severity of the consequences of whistle-blowing, is it realistic for an individual to fulfil a duty to blow the whistle on unethical or illegal behaviour? On the other hand, whistle-blowers acting on the deontological perspective are considered moral agents. This holds true according to Kants’ theory of deontology as the intention of the whistle-blowers are for the well-being of the organisation. Whistleblowing addresses the issues of benevolence. The issues of benevolence involved in whistleblowing stem from the positive effects whistleblowing can have on others since whistle-blowers, by disclosing information about organisational wrongdoing, might warn society about organizational crimes or danger and thereby prevent further wrongdoing. However if an organisation were to impose a policy that employees have a duty to whistle-blow, they will lose such moralities and moral responsibilities and also limit their autonomy as well. While organisations introduce such policies to strengthen autonomy of the employee, it would also indicate that employees would be held accountable if they fail on their duty to whistle-blow. Therefore implementing duties to whistle-blow will turn autonomy into a liability. This would also create other imposed responsibilities for the employee as they are held responsible for what they have or have not done in relation to what they know or ought to know. Whistle-blowing policy would turn into a management tool for organisations to control their employees’ behaviour. This would result in employees not able to bring their whole-selves to work and thus limit the autonomy. Also, implementing such policies can protect organisations as they can shift responsibilities and blame to individual members. Individuals acting on deontological principals can also be regarded as a ‘Good Samaritan’. According to Fabre (2002), a Good Samaritan has the moral and legal obligation to help others in peril; hence this would fit in to the framework of Kants’ goodwill theory. A Good Samaritan characteristics, which according to include the absence of a special relationship and the absence of a professional or contractual obligation to help those in need. A Good Samaritan, explains Fabre, is ‘a stranger who is not particularly qualified, professionally, to help, and who happens to be at the critical place, at the critical time’ (2002, 129). McCabe (1984) raise the objections and problems that arise with the duty to rescue. These problems are also applicable to whistleblowing and need to be addressed if the duty to whistleblow is implemented. The first objection relates to the situation where numerous people are in a position to rescue but nobody does so. Who will then be held liable for the failure to rescue? A problem with organizational whistleblowing and the potential duty to rescue is that it almost always involves a number of people who are in a position to rescue. Organizational activities and actions generally involve a number of people who know or ought to know about them. A second issue raised by McCabe is the risk of harm to the rescuer which is related to Good Samaritan laws. The risk of harm to whistleblowers is substantial as they are often harmed psychologically and financially despite any whistleblower protection that may apply to them. The last objection that McCabe mentions is the issue of a negligent rescue. What if the rescuer is well meaning but inept and causes harm to the party he is trying to rescue? In terms of whistleblowing this may occur when the whistleblower is ill informed or mistaken and damages the organization by claiming that it has misbehaved when that in fact was not the case. Conclusion In this essay the likely consequences of implementing whistle-blowing as a duty for employees are explored. It is possible that if such policies were to be introduced, as employees are going to be held responsible if they were to fail their duty to whistle-blow, they would be obliged to blow the whistle regardless if the employees might suffer more severe negative consequences than the rewards they can achieve. While they have the well intention of preventing the organisation from further wrongdoings, they might suffer backlash and the consequences might not only affect the individual, but also to their family and even the organisation itself. They enable people at work to be moral agents, who are responsible for their behaviour, and have the autonomy to behave as their conscience dictates them. However, implementing these policies may also turn responsibility into liability and increase the control of people by organisations, holding them responsible for what they do or fail to do, thus further institutionalising the organisation man or woman. This possibility makes whistleblowing policies a management tool to make people at work liable for what they do or fail to do. This second possibility also shifts responsibility of organisational behaviour to employees, making them responsible not only for reporting organisational wrongdoing but for organisational wrongdoing. They also need to be examined in terms of likely consequences, and effect on people and organisations’ moral behaviour and responsibility.

Marketing Budget Of Air Asia

Secondly, AirAsia is dividing the market by using demographic segmentation. AirAsia is actually targeting for low to middle income group. CEO of AirAsia, Mr Fernandez aware that there are a lot of workers or low pay salaries earner would like to travel back to meet their family especially during special occasions (Onwutalobi, Anthony.C, 2008). However, they are not affordable to pay for the high price for air plane. Hence, AirAsia is offering a low fare airplane ticket to meet with the demand of the people. Thirdly, AirAsia separates the market by using psychographic segmentation (AirAsia marketing, n.d.). Cost-conscious travelers are becoming the target market AirAsia because they are similar in terms of attitudes and values. For example, AirAsia predicted those cost-conscious customers are willing to give up anything in order to buy the airplane ticket for low price. Thus, AirAsia come out with a package of “Low fare, No Frills” (“Annual report 2007 of AirAsia Berhad,” 2007). On the other words, the guests are not provided with frills such as meal in exchange for the lower fares which is no compromising for the quality and service. However, guest still have their own choice to buy for the exclusive prepared meals, snacks and drinks from in-flight service at an affordable price. 2.0 Sales forecast Table 1.0 at below shows the revenue generated by AirAsia from 2010 to 2017. By comparing the revenue, we can know that revenue of AirAsia in 2011 and 2012 was increased for 12.04% and 11.68% respectively. Assume that the revenue generated by AirAsia is going to increase by 12% since the year of 2012 onwards, the revenue for AirAsia from 2013 until 2017 is being estimated about RM5596,000, RM6268,000, RM7020,000, RM7862,000, and RM8805,000 respectively. The revenue of AirAsia is expected to rise due to the marketing mix strategy that the company applied which had been discussed in earlier part. Table 1.0 Year Revenue Increase in percentage (%) 2010 3993 – 2011 4474 12.04 2012 4996 11.68 2013* 5596 12.00* 2014* 6268 12.00* 2015* 7020 12.00* 2016* 7862 12.00* 2017* 8805 12.00* The sign * indicated that it is estimation/prediction Graph 1.0 is a graph which consists of combination of sales, operating profit, net income, net margin and operating margin of AirAsia from 2007 to 2016, and it is extracted from http://www.4-traders.com/AIRASIA-BERHAD-144742/financials/. By looking at the sales’ trend in Graph 1.0, the expected revenue from 2013 to 2015 is quite similar with table 1.0. However, the graph is showing that economists are expecting the revenue for AirAsia to decrease slightly for the year of 2016. This is most probably because of presence of strong competitors. Presence of strong competitor will give impact on the business of AirAsia by giving consumer another alternative on choosing airline. This will further reduce the revenue generated by AirAsia. Graph 1.0 *extracted from http://www.4-traders.com/AIRASIA-BERHAD-144742/financials/ 3.0 Marketing Budget of Air Asia Marketing activities RM(‘000) Research and Development 300 Sales support – printed material 50 Advertising 100 Sponsorship 70 Event – booth 35 Total marketing budget 555 There are many ways to market the services of AirAsia. For example, AirAsia may spend RM300,000 in the field of research and development. The purpose of research and development is including research on fuel consumption because a lower fuel consumption of AirAsia’ air planes can reduce the expenditure spent by AirAsia on fuel and this can further increase the net profit of the company. Besides, AirAsia may spend RM50,000 on tools for the purpose of supporting the sales. For example, AirAsia can use the money to print for the material such as brochure. Furthermore, advertising is very important is marketing. This is due to advertising can reach a large audience efficiently. Hence, AirAsia should consider placing more budgets in advertising. In additional, sponsorship is also one of the important aspects in marketing activities. For example, AirAsia’s Group commercial Head, Kathleen Tan said that they were delighted to extend their sponsorship on English premier League football club, Queen’s Park Rangers (QPR) (Mark.E, 2012). This is due to the sponsorship will AirAsia to reach the maximum exposure on the worldwide football audience which keeps growing continuously from time to time. Last but not least, AirAsia may place some part of their budget on event. For example, AirAsia can open a booth event on a shopping mall which has big crowds all the time. Through this way, it can successfully position the brand of AirAsia within customers. As summary, all this marketing activities is very important in brand positioning. The total marketing budget of AirAsia is estimated cost for RM555,000. Bibliografi Annual report 2007 of AirAsia Berhad. (2007). Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://announcements.bursamalaysia.com/EDMS/subweb.nsf/7f04516f8098680348256c6f0017a6bf/079c899457cda15b482573840012782f/$FILE/AIRASIA-Contents to Page 32 (2.6MB).pdf AirAsia marketing. (n.d.). Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www.bignerds.com/papers/67560/Air-Asia-Marketing Onwutalobi, Anthony-Claret, (2008). Understanding Marketing Mix in Air Asia Airline Bhd. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://publications.codewit.com/administrator/components/com_jresearch/files/publications/Understanding_Marketing_Mix_ in_Air_Asia_Airline_Bhd.pdf Mark.E, (2012). AirAsia extends QPR sponsorship. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www.traveldailymedia.com/125827/airasia-extends-qpr-sponsorship

TSU Funding and Building Electric Vehicle Charging Station Network Essay

essay writer TSU Funding and Building Electric Vehicle Charging Station Network Essay.

There is a growing effort to eliminate fossil fuel vehicles in America by 2030 to 2050 and replacing them with electric vehicles. To achieve that goal, you need a nationwide network of charging stations. Who should take the lead in funding and/or building the electric vehicle charging station network: State Public Utility Commissions or the private sector through car companies, investment bankers and/or private equity firm? To answer this question, you research the topics covered in the question: authority and financing of public utility commissions; what are electric vehicle and other car companies doing as it relates to this question and do they have the money to get the job done. Finally, what role if any will state transportation departments play in the process and why would private equity firms want to be involved in building the charging station network.Will there be a need for public policy changes at the state or federal levels to build the network? There is a five (5) page maximum limit for your paper not including your cover page with your name on it, the table of content and the pages used for your bibliography. Research, Read, and then present your analysis, recommendations and conclusions. Think like a public administrator, legislator, investor, entrepreneur and corporate officer both individualize and cumulatively.This assignment is a Research Assignment. You must research academic journals, think tank publications, findlaw.com, articles from major newspapers and other reputable sources.
TSU Funding and Building Electric Vehicle Charging Station Network Essay

Mountain View College Ethics and Unintended Consequences of Technology Summary

Mountain View College Ethics and Unintended Consequences of Technology Summary.

I’m working on a computer science writing question and need an explanation to help me understand better.

Read the attached article “Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us” by Bill Joy. Appeared in Wired, issue 8.04, April 2000;2. Read a summary of Professor Peter Singer’s lecture on ethics and technology; (Links to an external site.)3. Read Tech Ethics Issues We Should All Be Thinking About In 2019 (Links to an external site.).4. Write a paper containing answer to the following questions. Your paper should present your understanding of ethical dimensions and unintended consequences of technology.What do you strongly agree with in the articles? and Why? (20 points)What do you disagree with in the articles? and Why? (20 points)What kind of person Bill Joy seems to you, an idiot, a Luddite, or a genius? and Why? (5 points)Are the assumptions in both the articles sound? (5 points)Requirements:Please make your analytic points specific; The paper cannot be just a collection of generalities and cannot contain too many direct quotes from the articles. Find something interesting to say. Reference any ideas that are not your own in APA format.The paper should be at least 1 page but no more than 2 pages long, single line spacing, use a font size of minimum 10 points but no larger than 12 point. Set margins to 1 inch on all sides. Use correct grammar.Save your paper in a Word document and name it as P4_FL.docx where FL are your first and last name initials. Use the link Assignments -> Project 4 to submit your document.
Mountain View College Ethics and Unintended Consequences of Technology Summary

Satrapi’s “The Complete Persepolis”: Understanding Comics Essay

Comics are an essential part of literary work and writing. It is highly unique and contains the right mix of literature and visual art. They are a story in pictures that are arranged in a clear chronological order. The given form of writing impresses with their laconic and, at the same time, logical and enriched plot. Depending on the volume of the story, comics can be called differently: if the story is long enough, it can be described as a graphic novel; if short, it is called a strip. Comics are the modern form of figurative narration. The integral part is a sequence of pictures accompanied by textual content, and it is supplemented with various ideographic signs. It is a special way of narration, where the text is a sequence of frames. It contains the drawing with a verbal work, and it transmits mainly the dialogue of the characters with an enclosed special structure. Moreover, the picture and the spoken text enclosed in it form an organic semantic unity. “Persepolis” is a story of an Iranian girl who grew up in a liberal, rich, and even aristocratic family: on the very first pages, together with the heroine, we learn that her great-grandfather was the last Shah of the Qajar dynasty, overthrown by the father of the current Shah Pahlavi. However, the usual teenage rebellion is superimposed on her tragic social events: the revolution of 1979, the return of political prisoners, the war with Iraq, and the sharp clericalization of Iranian society. Marjane sees a part of these events from the side – from 14 to 18 years old. She lived in Austria, but it didn’t bring her happiness in the desired West. It is based on the autobiographical story of a French writer of Iranian origin, Marjane Satrapi. In short, it is about the Shah regime and its collapse, the great Islamic revolution, the Iran-Iraq war. Then she studies in Europe and experiences a breath of freedom, first love, the failure of hopes, and returns to Iran Satrapi (Satrapi 301). There is a bitter feeling in the story that always accompanies the search for a lost paradise. The girl is attempting to find her place in life. After several years of mental anguish, the main hero leaves her homeland again, now forever. The writing “Understanding of Comics” can be used as a basis and guide for creating outstanding comics. The key idea includes the concepts and step-by-step instructional recommendations by Scott McCloud. These steps consist of 6 critical tasks: idea/purpose, form, idiom, structure, craft, and surface. He uses a layered apple as a demonstration of the entirety of comic books (McCloud 162). The process of creation and analysis should begin with an idea and end with surface details. However, it is highly important to understand that the comics’ style should be preserved through specific text forms and picture placements. In addition, the given concepts are not designed only for comics writers but for any art creator. The six layers outline the most important and crucial elements of art development. Scott McCloud’s theories can be applied to the writing “Persepolis,” but it should be noted that the given story is unique and different from mainstream comic books. Therefore, the first reason is that the concepts should be used as a lens to understand and appreciate the “Persepolis” fully. Verbal components are literal text, all speech unity in the framework of the comic. On page #87, row #3, panel 1 (87), two subspecies stand out here: the characters’ speech and the author’s speech, which includes captions, headlines, author’s summary, comments to the entire comic or individual episodes (McCloud 87). On page #7, row #1, panel 2 (7) in “Persepolis,” the main heroine says, “and this is a class photo. I’m sitting on the far left, so you don’t see me” (7). McCloud’s concept does not fully explain the author’s move because the narration is done by the girl in comics. However, it does correspond to McCloud’s ideas of laying out narrative responsibilities. The characters’ speech is placed in a special space, which is a “cloud” coming from the character’s head and enclosing his remark. In comic book research, this space is called phylactery. This element is most noticeable due to its constant use of the ideographic sign in the comic. The second conceptual reason includes the overall elements of delivering the communication style and information, which is clearly shown in “Persepolis.” On page #193, row #1, panel 1 (193), non-verbal components include comics graphics, which is a sequence of drawings, each of which is framed and forms a window, and a paragraph that broadcasts mostly background information, additional knowledge, which acts as a substitute for literal text and participates in creating expressiveness and emotiveness of the comic, as well as forming animation graphics part (McCloud 193). On page #10, row #1, panel 1 (10) in “Persepolis,” the author shows interesting comics graphics because it can be outlined through McCloud’s idea of providing background and additional knowledge by drawing. She says, “I really didn’t know what to think about the veil. Deep down, I was very religious, but as a family, we were very modern and avant-garde” (10). The girl is represented as being trapped between two worlds of religion and science. The visual component occupies no less of the significative space of the comic than the verbal one. There are possibilities provided by the comics for the communication of textual works with elements of a picture inside a frame or their coordination with the overall composition of windows on a page. Thorough and systematic analysis of “Persepolis” revealed the third reason, which is a parallel resemblance. It can be shown that, on average, less than half of the frames in the comic are purely pictographic, while the number of structures lacking the pictographic component is negligible. According to McCloud page #169, row #1, panel 2 (169), the drawing easily copes with the tasks of the narration without the help of text, which is facilitated by the use of a certain set of tools for graphically isolating the semantic dominant (McCloud 169). On page #26, row #3, panel 1 (26) in “Persepolis,” it is written, “My grandpa was a prince” (26). The most interesting element of the given panel is an illustration, which is designed in a highly peculiar way. It shows how her grandfather is riding an elephant in a mist of clouds, but there is also an evil lion holding a sword. Both the lion and sun express vile intentions, which represent the people who overthrew the prince. The external elements mean that changing the character’s posture and graphics frame structure, which is manifested in the movement of the planes and angles of view, is important. It determines the dynamic characteristics and also serves to combine individual drawings into larger units in order to recreate narrative continuity. The internal parts mean that they convey the dynamics of the pattern, as well as the emotional state of the character, include strokes surrounding the characters and lines that express the movement of objects inside the frame. Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Separate attention should be paid to the concept of analysis for the chosen color spectrum in the “Persepolis” as a means of direct influence on the reader’s emotions. This is the fourth reason, which is one of the methods for fixing the semantic dominant. In addition, it is important to address the role of color in the comic, which is necessary to consider its meaning-generating and structuring function. The meaning-generating purpose of color appears when analyzing individual frames as independent units of a comic book, and the structuring function seems when considering a window as a component of larger groups: page, spread, and comic book structure. Color can merge frames on a page into a single whole or underline the moment of transition from one story plan to another. According to McCloud page #197, row #2, panel 2 (197), the use of color in the “Persepolis” can perform the following functions: reality formation, symbolism, and aesthetic function (McCloud 197). On page #56, row #1, panel 1 (56) in “Persepolis,” the main character says, “In the end, he was cut to pieces” (56). However, the most important element is coloration and symbolic meaning. The body parts are shown as empty and hollow tubes, and the blood is absent due to the color choice. It forces a reader to feel a certain shock without any degree of disgust. First, the realistic or analogy role consists of establishing a parallel between the color of images and the color of the depicted objects in reality. The fifth reason is that the more realistic the color gamut of work, the better it fits into the concept of a conformist vision of the world, which manifests itself in the most rigorous and objective reflection of the referent, in the role of which the surrounding reality acts. The predominance of this concept in the comic can be considered as a means of removing difficulties in the process of interpretation. Second, the symbolic part consists of the variations of color depending on the individual author’s philosophy or artistic concept of a particular work in accordance with the signification adopted in a given culture. For example, white is the color of a holiday in Europe and mourning in India. According to McCloud page #186, row #2, panel 1 (186), the color symbol in the comic book is recognizable only due to the significant repetition of a particular color (McCloud 186). On page #152, row #3, panel 2 (152) in “Persepolis,” the girl’s father says, “Don’t ever forget who you are!” (152). It is a critical point in the story where the main character owns her heritage and identity. McCloud’s symbolic nature of color repetition is demonstrated here because the father is drawn as black passing his wisdom to his young daughter. It emphasizes the complexity of their relationship and how they love each other regardless of challenges. Third, the aesthetic function is relevant due to the implementation of which the figure can attract the eye of a connoisseur with its advantages. A certain coloring style of all works becomes the brand of the author’s handwriting. In conclusion, the comic book is a complex work that is formed in the interaction of two source systems – verbal and pictographic. The writing “Persepolis” is a clear illustration of how social life can be altered through comics. It demonstrates the hardships and struggles of an individual to find his/her place in the world. However, there are always trade-offs because the country of origin might be hostile, whereas a welcoming country is not familiar and traditionally close. It also shows that a nation’s political environment can diminish the artistic development of society. Despite the heterogeneity of its components, it is characterized by a high degree of consistency and focus in the presentation of information. The work of art “Persepolis” is an ideal demonstration of comics’ capabilities in delivering the message through visual stimulation. It is important to realize that new technology and art development will encourage comic writings to become more prominent and popular. The comics are unique in their way of delivering the message, and they will continuously improve and integrate further into the world of writings and arts. Works Cited McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. HarperPerennial, 1994. Satrapi, Marjane. The Complete Persepolis. Pantheon, 2002.