The social determinants I want to do is housing and neighborhood conditions (indoor allergies, circumstance, air quality, house maintenance, etc) and the health outcome is childhood asthma. Since this assignment is related to my last paper, I did attached my last paper and the article it talked about. https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2018chp-bx1.pdf this is the article the last paper about”Every resident has the right to live in housing that is safe and pest-free. Poorly maintained housing is associated with poor health outcomes, including worsened asthma and other respiratory illnesses. In Mott Haven and Melrose, only 24% of renter-occupied homes are adequately maintained by landlords – free from heating breakdowns, cracks, holes, peeling paint and other defects. Forty percent of Mott Haven and Melrose households report seeing cockroaches, which is a potential asthma trigger. “Based upon the health problem identified in the Neighborhood Justification, each student will develop a short response paper (500 words, single-spaced). In this response paper you will identify one of the social determinants of health described in your group’s Neighborhood Justification and use 3 peer-reviewed citations to describe how and why that social determinant is associated with the health outcome. This is not intended to be about a specific neighborhood, but rather more generally what is known in the literature about the association between a specific (upstream) determinant of health and your health outcome of interest.1.Tell a story: build your argument 2.A lit review is an organic iterative process (and you may wish to modify your argument as you build the evidence base 3.The argument should match your conceptual framework.•Use reputable citation database (PubMed, Web of Science).•Use Google Scholar as secondary citation database.•Google Scholar useful to assess number of citations, quick filtering (such as more recent articles), and links to abstracts.•If you find a good seminal article (one with a lot of citations), you can also look at who has been citing this seminal article.•Once you have a core set of articles for each argument (minimum 3-4, sometimes a lot more), pay attention to their references.Is there overlap?Are you beginning to see a cluster of authors•Read the articles.Do they send you in another direction?Follow your instinct.1.Provides the theory or evidence as to how and why social determinants are associated with the health outcome – may be adapted from your group’s Neighborhood Justification and Conceptual Framework2.Not limited to any particular geographic area or neighborhood3.Minimum 500 words, APA citation style, http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx4.Minimum of 3 papers cited
UW Housing and Neighborhood Conditions and Childhood Asthma Research Paper
Jomo Kenyatta University Legal Duty to Report Health Data Discussion
Jomo Kenyatta University Legal Duty to Report Health Data Discussion.
For this assignment, you will write 500-700-word paper discussing the legal duty to report health data to a state or federal public health agency. Choose two examples where a legal duty exists to report health data to a state or federal public health agency. These examples can be items recently reported in the news.Include the following items in your paper:Summarize the examples you’ve chosen. Describe why these examples require mandatory reporting.Discuss how the information is gathered and submitted to the authorities.Propose ways of improving the status quo and provide reasons why this has not yet been accomplished.Prepare this assignment according to APA Style
Jomo Kenyatta University Legal Duty to Report Health Data Discussion
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Causes and Effects
i need help writing an essay Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Causes and Effects. Shalyn Bauer Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome or (NRDS) occurs when a newborn baby’s lungs are not fully developed. This is often found in premature babies, however there is the occasional case where the baby is not premature. This disease is mainly caused by the lack of a substance called surfactant. Surfactant is a slippery substance made up of a mixture of lipids and proteins that is secreted into the fluid lining of the “alveolar space by epithelial type II cells” (ScienceDirect). This substance helps fill air in the lungs and keep the air sacs from collapsing. Surfactant usually starts to produce between week 24 through 28 and by week 34 there is enough produced for an infant to breathe normally. This is why a baby born prematurely may not have enough of this substance and have lung problems and difficulty breathing. Babies who are not premature but have NRDS can be caused by the mother having diabetes or poor lung development. Other risk factors include carrying twins or triplets or reduced blood flow during delivery. In a rare case, there may be a problem with a gene which can affect lung development. According to the article Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, “It’s estimated half of all babies born before 28 weeks of pregnancy will develop NRDS.” This has recently gone down due to the fact that a mother can be given a steroid during premature labor. If a premature delivery is expected, a mother can receive corticosteroids which speed up lung production and production of surfactant. NRDS displays symptoms that can be noticed right after being born. For example, a baby with this disease may have a bluish tint to their skin, flaring of nostrils or give off a grunting sound while breathing. In some cases a baby may not experience symptoms right after birth. It can take up to 24 hours before you can tell. Doctors how believe a child may have NRDS will order blood tests to measure the amount of oxygen in the blood and to rule out infections that could cause these symptoms. A doctor will also order a chest X-ray to look over the lungs. A pulse oximetry test, which is a sensor attached to the baby’s finger, ear or toe to measure how much oxygen is being absorbed into the blood. An infant who is diagnosed with NRDS will be admitted into a neonatal intensive care unit. They will provide the infant with warm moist oxygen and will be monitored closely to ensure the infant will not receive too much oxygen. An infant can be given artificial surfactant which is put in the airway to help restore normal lung function. An infant can also be put on a ventilator to provide extra breathing support. Without proper oxygen intake, a baby’s organs will not function properly. This is why treatment is crucial when a baby is first diagnosed. The treatment varies based on how severe the case may be. It is said that receiving consistent prenatal care and avoiding smoking, drugs and alcohol can help reduce the risk of premature delivery. There are some complications that come along with NRDS. This disease can be fatal in some cases. According to the article, Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome “In more severe cases there’s a risk of further problems. These can include scarring to the lungs, leading to longer-term breathing problems. There’s also a risk of brain damage, which may result in problems such as learning difficulties.” Complications vary based on the severity of the case. Every baby is different and will experience different complications from the disease. NRDS is a scary diagnose for parents to hear, however the majority of cases can be successfully treated. Works Cited “Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2017. “Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” NHS Choices. NHS, n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2017. Medically Reviewed by Tyler Walker, MD on February 18, 2016 – Written by Jaime Herndon. “Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” Healthline. N.p., 18 Feb. 2016. Web. 30 Mar. 2017. “Role of Pulmonary Surfactant Components in Surface Film Formation and Dynamics.” Role of Pulmonary Surfactant Components in Surface Film Formation and Dynamics. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2017. Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Causes and Effects
Business Ethics: “Liar’s Poker” by Michael Lewis Report
Business Ethics: “Liar’s Poker” by Michael Lewis Report. Michael Lewis tells the story of his being a part of a huge corporation in the golden times of Wall Street. People often see this account as a kind of textbook for those who want to enter the world of Wall Street. At the same time, the book is a good source for analysis of ethical issues that were unveiled in the 1980 and, actually, still persist in the business world. Thus, financial innovation is one of the most important aspects in the financial business as it is associated with development. It is possible to consider the way ethics of financial innovation can be traced in the book to find some reasons for the financial crises that took place later and to be able to avoid the same issues in the future. Admittedly, people are expected to behave ethically in all aspects of their life but when it comes to money lots of individuals forget about ethics. One of examples of a financial operation, which is associated with high risks and is often closely connected with unethical behavior, is leverage. Lewis compares leverage with gambling, the work in his department with a casino and clients with “crowds” which “would overwhelm a casino in which everyone who plays wins big” (201). This comparison makes it clear that the author gives a negative evaluation of such operations in such quantity. People stop thinking about risks and morality when they feel they can ‘win big’. Such companies as Salomon Brothers took advantage of this quality of people’s character. Apart from leverage, the author also provides a number of cases of unethical behavior related to fiduciary obligations. The very beginning of the author’s career in the company is a conspicuous illustration of improper fiduciary relationship. Thus, the author did not check the information he provided to his client, a German businessman, who totally trusted him. As a result, this client was “sacrificed for the greater good of Salomon” (Lewis 207). Admittedly, this was an unethical conduct. In the financial market, customers often expect to get reliable information and trust their financial consultants. Lewis shows that such companies as Salomon Brothers as well as numerous other companies in the 1980s (or even now) often betray their customers’ trust as they focus on their own profits. The instance with the German gentleman is also an example of the way acceptable risk is viewed in Salomon Brothers. Lewis stresses that financial companies in the 1980s used to “make their money by taking large risks” (42). It is also noteworthy that the author stresses that companies are ready to lose but they are more afraid of “solitude” as they would lose with others rather than be the only company to lose. Clearly, this is hardly ethical to strive for losses in other companies and take large risks undermining the wellbeing of their customers and the entire society. The instances mentioned in the book and evaluated by the author can help to identify obligations of people working in the financial market. In the first place, these workers have to adhere to deontological values. They should try their best to give proper advice and help customers to wisely allocate their funds. Financial workers have to develop effective fiduciary relationships with their customers and make sure they will not betray their customers’ trust. It is crucial to obtain and provide comprehensive and accurate data. Financial workers should not ‘sacrifice’ people’s interests and money for the sake of their companies as this can lead for negative outcomes for all stakeholders. Thus, the author depicts a variety of examples when financial workers and companies distorted data and engaged themselves into risky operations which often resulted in big losses for all stakeholders involved. Thus, unthoughtful financial operations led to a crisis in the 1980s and 2000s as people got involved in high-risk operations (including mortgage, leverage and so on). The crisis in the financial sector led to severe issues in other sectors of global economy. Economies were not ready for such a challenge and a period of stagnation started in many countries. Notably, financial sector ties all the rest sectors of the economy and, hence, a crisis in this sphere will inevitably lead to considerable constraints in other areas of economy. On balance, it is possible to note that Lewis tells a story of the financial market of the 1980s using an account concerning one company. The author unveils the importance of ethical conduct and reveals possible outcomes of unethical behavior of employees as well as companies. The book helps people see that ethical behavior is not a utopic concept but necessity. Employees and entire companies have to conduct ethically as this secures effective financial operations since people behave in a more responsible way. Adherence to ethical values makes people more cautious and they are unwilling to get involved into risky operations. Clearly, such conduct can be associated with smaller profit for companies but it will help avoid bankruptcies and severe financial crises. Works Cited Lewis, Michael. Liar’s Poker. New York, NY: W.W. NortonBusiness Ethics: “Liar’s Poker” by Michael Lewis Report
The Psychological Effect Of Branding In High Fashion Marketing Essay
The American Marketing Association (AMA) defines a brand as a “name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of others sellers.”(Kotlers and Keller,2006). So branding is a key aspect of marketing a product. Wheeler explains that brand is created in consumer’s minds, he states that it gives a ‘promise’, the ‘reputation’ and an ‘expectation’ about the product and the brand its-self, when these factors are managed properly it results in increased awareness and brand loyality(Wheeler,2003) appart from that, branding helps to convey the market position of the brand to potential customers. Branding in fashion industry is to be concentrated in this paper, as clothing/ fashion industry is one of the most growing industries (reffer to appendix 1). According to Verdict reports, “The global market for luxury brands has grown rapidly over the past two decades. Estimated to be worth $263billion in 2007 which represents a 31% increase over the past five years, predictions indicate a 71% growth over the next five years, largely fueled by high demand from emerging economies” (Verdict, 2007 in Caroline Tynan et al 2009). Fashion shopping is a personal element of consumer culture, it has become a popular leisure activity (Campbell, 1987). Aron O’Cass(2002) states that “there is no single factor that dominates the morden popular cultural psyche as much as fashion.” Apart from this, fashion is a significant way of identity portrayal (Crane, 2000; Wilson, 1990). The expression of personality and individuality with the use of cloths is not a new phenomenon, it was used to represent social class and profession as early as the beginning of civilastion. However, the nature of the modern fashion prospect is such that identities can be created and recreated as fast as posible than ever before (Popp, 2000). ‘Commentators characterise this phenomenon as “fast fashion”. Similar to the fast food revolution, fast fashion entails rapid change in garment styles – some garments having a fashion life of only weeks rather than months or years’ (Jackson and Shaw, 2001). With the help of celebrity and gossip magazines and media power there has been a formation of a culture in which the indecisiveness of fashion has brought to a quite fanatical speed,(Ingrid Jeacle.2009). If a popular celebrity is seen in a particular costume a new fashion trend is born, and then the high street store have to reproduce that look as fast as possible before the competition. (Rosenau and Wilson, 2001). This ability to react to the change as fast as posible is known as “quick response” (Ingrid Jeacle.2009,Abernathy et al., 1999). This huge clothing, industries total main media advertising expenditure amounted to £56.7m in the year ending March 2009.(Key Notes, 2009 Clothing Retailing 2009). So a study on how brand is used in this industry and the importance consumers give it, in different aspect would be usful for the industry. The following research aims are set, which is undertaken in this study: To establish a relationship between consumer psychology and brand To analyse brand experience and customer satisfaction To analyse factors affecting brand choice Literature Review What is branding? Branding is the main focal point of this study, it would be appropriate to look into what a brand signifies. There are many definitions given to branding by many scholars as it is one of the basic consistencies of marketing. Branding in simple words could be defined as ‘information that a provider of products or services communicates about the value of its offerings to establish trust and build loyalty among its customers. Brand messages differentiate in the marketplace, acting as a filter for making choices. Brand communicates: “If you use my product/service, you will get X level and kind of value.” For product and service providers, brand is critical because it helps develop loyalty among the customer base and creates opportunities for cross-selling and for deeper sales within a product/service category. Consumers make decisions about products and distinguish among multiple offerings based partly on brand.’Anon(2002). According to Chernatony (2006) there are a variety of interpretations for branding and they are based on three categories, Input-based: stressing branding as a particular way of managers directing resources to influence customers, Output- based : consumers’ interpretations and considerations of the way brands enable consumers to achieve more, and Time-based : recognising their evolutionary nature. A brand is an identifiable product, service, person or a place, augmented in such a way that the buyer or user perceives relevant, unique, sustainable added values which match their needs most closely(Chernatony and McDonald,2003). Similarly (Miller, 2005) states that brand are name, which has a visual expression, like a symbol, a design, a trademark, a logo. He also argues that a brand is directly used to sell products or services. Like these definitions The American Marketing Association (Kotler and Keller, 2006) defines branding as “A brand is “name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of them, indented to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors” All these definition by scholars have shown the importance of branding in an organisation or a product. Branding is complex and it is different products offered with different attributes. How ever the successfulness of a brand could be decided ultimately consumers mindsets, it exists largely by virtue of a constant co-ordinated activities across an organisation apprehensive with delivering a group of values are interpreted and internalised by consumers. The decision making tendency of a potential customer will be affected by the culture and sociological nature of the individual. Culture and sociological factors affecting decision making process Roth (1995) states that, “Consumers’ shopping motives are known to be influenced by cultures, social values and socioeconomic conditions of the market.” In an increasingly globalised business atmosphere, it is essential that marketing managers study about differences in consumer decision making with regards to culture. ‘The success of an organisation in a culturally different market place may be largely affected by how well the decision makers grasp the consumers’ buying behaviours, and how well they are able to incorporate such understanding into their marketing plan and strategies.'(C. Leo et al 2005). “Consumer decision making style refers to the mental orientation or approach a consumer has towards making choices” (C. Leo et al 2005). Though, consumer decision making style represents a comparatively regular prototype of cognitive and affective responses (Bennett