LEG440 Procurement and Contract Law

Test #1 – December 1, 2021 – 20% of course grade – four questions 5 marks each. Your answers

Test #1 – December 1, 2021 – 20% of course grade – four questions 5 marks each. Your answers need to draw directly from course lectures, readings, tutorial discussions, films, and word files uploaded to our class website in order to create a full answer. An estimated length of this test is 12 to 16 pages double-spaced 12-point font. Be sure to underline and define all the concepts that you cite in your answers. 1) does our course define imperialism? What is the difference between “imperialism” and “empire”? List some of the main concepts from our readings that help explain these systems of power. 2) What is the origin of the concept of “race” in the West? Elaborate in detail by drawing on course materials. Identify and describe some of the other forms of prejudicial discrimination discussed in our course? 3) How is war and violence connected to imperialism? List and discuss some of the atrocities associated with warfare as presented in our readings and film. 4) How is economics understood as a significant force in global society? How does consumerism compel individuals to participate in globalization and imperialism? Just answer the question dont put an intro or anything Say according to blank author and say theory etc dont copy and paste from notes just put it in ur own words Example; what is globalization and what is its relationship to neoliberalism today second part is more your own viewpoint but drawing on theories from readings and lecture No need for reference page or in text just mention who said it Name tutorial number and student number First topic; imperialism; draw on step 15 parenti, spt 22 harvey, sept 29 reading by heart and negri and gordon Origins of race; oct 6 and fagon War and global economy ; sept 15 parenti some stuff, oct 27 readings, november 3rd reading, Globalization; october 20, claurio paper, november 10 and claudio other paper Consumerism ; more in second sem but mentioned in the last readings Create 4 pages and take every relevant note from those readings and lectures if anything is unclear after prof notes pull notes from there and put notes into ur own words so it’s easier to copy and paste into main paper Put notes in subheadings so u are able to divide it up Global extension of neoliberal ideals to allow for wealth to be generated on a larger scale ; free market competition happens on a global scale The problems of the world are complex so let us outline a consolation of points to help us understand it in its complexity; ie constellation thinking Demonstrate knowledge of the course materials Have to cite course materials Imperialism; talk about empire, globalisation, consumerism global economy racism; and discriminaiton fagan reading different forms of discirmination on race gender etc global economy; war neoliberalism etc or could be imperialism

Engineering homework help

best assignment help Engineering homework help. This assignment entails watching a video or listening to a podcast related to some aspect of human sexuality. Suggestions of videos include TED talks or podcasts on NPR, Hidden Brain, or similar.,Listening to a podcast related to some aspect of human sexuality,This assignment entails watching a video or listening to a podcast related to some aspect of human sexuality. Suggestions of videos include TED talks or podcasts on NPR, Hidden Brain, or similar. Note that some videos and podcasts are not scholarly (such as random YouTube videos), so please use your academic discretion. I have provided multiple sources in the first section of each module, so you may find ideas there. You may also find resources through streaming systems such as Netflix.,After viewing your video or listening to your podcast, you will write a short two to three page paper, in APA style, critiquing the video/podcast; telling us about what you perceive as strengths and weaknesses, and how the piece resonates with you. You should include a cover page, and a reference page. Please don’t just describe the video/podcast; but instead, tell us your positive and negative perception of the quality of your selection, and whether you believe it is pertinent to the study of human sexuality in psychology. You may also post your actual critique and a link to the video into one of your DB postings if you choose, and feel free to respond to your peers’ work.,Please see the APA Sample Paper to see how to format your short paper. See your APA Publication Manual for formatting your video/podcast reference. You should have an APA formatted cover, and a reference page (no abstract needed). You should include an introductory subheading and a conclusion subheading.  No rubric is used for this assignment but you will be graded in three areas in equal amounts (20 pts each): (1) Topic Selection and Pertinence to Course, (2) ,Organization and Content,, and (3) Writing Mechanics including APA style, spelling, grammar, sentence structure, and inclusion of references/citations.,Attachments,Click Here To Download,Engineering homework help

Hult International Business School Customer Centric Business Analysis Paper

Hult International Business School Customer Centric Business Analysis Paper.

Answer all components of the twelve questions. Be mindful that each question has multiple parts. Points will be deducted for unanswered components. This is an open text book/open notes/open class presentations exam.Be complete yet succinct in your answers. There are no word count limits. Quantity of words is not always evidence of quality of the answer. question 1a. Describe what it means for a business to be customer centric.b. What are the characteristics of a customer centric business as evidenced in marketing?c. What activities or programs do customer centric businesses typically employ to better understand and market their products or services to their customers?d. Name one example of a customer centric business and describe why you believe it to be customer centric.question 2a. Describe the characteristics of a business that provides excellent customer experience but is not customer centric in its marketing methods.b. Name one example of a customer experience oriented company that is not customer centric.c. What makes it exemplary as a customer experience business?question 3Brian Fetherstonhaugh, the Chief Talent Officer and Global Leader of Customer Engagement & Commerce at the global advertising firm Ogilvy & Mather, has said that the old 4Ps of marketing (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) are outmoded and should be replaced by the 4Es: Experience, Everyplace, Exchange, and Evangelism.a. Explain the difference between the 4Ps and the 4Es.b. Do you agree with Brian Fetherstonhaugh’s assertion regarding the 4Es? (If yes, why. If no, why?)c. Provide one example of a business that exemplifies the marketing tenets of the 4Es.question 4Accurate market segmentation and target audience selection are hallmarks of successful marketing.a. Identify a business that creates different lines of products or services to meet different market segments.b. Describe how this business segments its customers by demographics and psychographics.Question 5“A company should have a portfolio of products with different growth rates and different market shares. The portfolio composition is a function of the balance between cash flows.… Margins and cash generated are a function of market share.”—Bruce Henderson, Boston Consulting Group.The Boston Consulting Group’s Growth Share Matrix is based on the above quoted marketing philosophy.a. Name a marketing company that utilizes the Growth Share Matrix approach in its product portfolio business.b. Identify one of its Cash Cow brands, and describe why it is a Cash Cow.c. Name a business in which attaining a dominant market share is critical to long-term success,d. And also a business in which dominant market share in not evidence of profitable performance.In both examples, explain why this is so.Question 6Classic marketing creative strategy is often executed by answering the following formulation: When I buy “X”; Instead of “Y”; I will (Benefit); Because (Support).a. Explain why it is important to position your product or service within a competitive context.b. Explain the difference between a tangible and intangible product or service benefit.c. Select a product or service of your choice and write the creative strategy using the above strategy formulation.Question 7Identifying the most effective channels of distribution is an important marketing function.a. Compare and describe direct-to-consumer marketing channels and indirect marketing channels.b. Name an example of a direct-to-consumer business, andc. an example of a product or service that relies upon indirect channel distribution–identify what channel this product or service utilizes.d. Lastly, describe how the cosmetics/skincare product category segments its products and customers by channel of distribution.question 8Pricing strategy is a key element of capturing customer value.a. Provide an example of a brand that pursues a Good-Value Pricing strategy, andQuestion 9Harvard Business School professor Shoshana Zuboff has described what she terms “surveillance capitalism,” whereby addictive technologies rely on an asymmetrical exchange of information. Users are expected to surrender their private information in exchange for access to services. She writes, “ These data flows empty into surveillance capitalists’ computational factories, called ‘artificial intelligence,’ where they are manufactured into behavioral predictions that are about us, but they are not for us. Instead, they are sold to business customers in a new kind of market that trades exclusively in human futures. Certainty in human affairs is the lifeblood of these markets, where surveillance capitalists compete on the quality of their predictions. This is a new form of trade that birthed some of the richest and most powerful companies in history.” Even Apple CEO Tim Cook said, “A few years ago, users of Internet services began to realize that when an online service is free, you’re not the customer. You’re the product.”The data collected is also used to create enticing marketing customer experiences, often customized to individual customer’s wants and needs. This is seen as a benefit to business, and to many consumers.a. Describe your understanding of this ethical debate between marketers and those concerned about personal internet privacy.b. What is your personal position regarding the collection of personal data for marketing purposes.c. What are ways to resolve the conflict between privacy and consumer data acquisition?b. an example of a brand that pursues a Value-Added Pricing strategy.c. Describe the benefits of these two pricing strategies for the brands you identified.Question 10Steve Blank, Silicon Valley entrepreneur, The Lean Start-Up founder, and Stanford University Professor has written: “No business plan survives first contact with customers.” This assertion has been abundantly so this year due to the Covid-19 virus pandemic.a. How have major brands had to adjust or entirely change their marketing plans as a result of the pandemic and its consequences to business activities.b. What were the new customer behaviors or attitudes that provoked this change in marketing plans?c. . Name one brand that has changed its marketing approach due to the virus, and what did the changes entail.Question 11Marketing experiences must always be grounded in the cultural, environmental, and social values of the time and place of the customers in consideration.Today’s Covid-19 pandemic has put new demands on business in all sectors of the economy in unprecedented ways.Thinking about the country you are from or call home:a. In what ways has the virus crisis impacted customer experience?b. In what ways has it impacted you personally?c. What new marketing behaviors in engaging with customers caused by the pandemic may outlive the crisis and become a standard component of marketer’s tool kits?Question 12Purpose, whether associated with environmental sustainability or a societal issue or cause, is often a differentiated benefit distinguishing a brand.a. Identify one brand that uses purpose as a key element of his marketing position.b. What is the purpose this brand endorses?c. What terminal human values are evoked?d. Do you believe, in this example, purpose successfully differentiates the brand?e. Would this purpose motivate you to buy this brand and why yes or no?
Hult International Business School Customer Centric Business Analysis Paper

The Question of Ornament in Architectural Design Essay

Table of Contents Introduction Ornament as Right Ornament as Crime Synthesis Reflective Conclusion Reference List Introduction The idea of ornamentation emanated from human existence and the need to interact with the environment. Consequently, architects have used ornaments in architectural designs in various ways. However, these usages have attracted admiration and criticisms in equal measures. Hence, this essay explores Ornaments as Right or Crime: the Question of Ornament in Architectural Design with the aim of re-thinking the position of ornament in architectural designs. The essay shall draw from existing literature. Some of the notable authors would include Christina Noble who notes that architects’ influences on structures have declined considerably, which has forced them to concentrate on architecture as a manipulation of surfaces to depict relevance for design and construction today (Noble, 2009). It explores Adolf Loos’ work as a fierce critic of the use of ornament in architectural design (Loos, 1930). James Trilling offers appreciation on the use of ornament in architectural designs as a way of capturing history and presenting inherent beauty in such works (Trilling, 2001). Other notable works would include Mallgrave (2006) and a recent article by Hakn Sağlam (2013) among other scholars in architecture. The essay shall present a thesis statement of the study and track the development of Ornament as right or crime in history, present supporting contexts and analysis of supporting texts. It will identify the relevance of the theme in today’s architectural designs. Another section shall present Ornament as Crime as the opposing theme in the title. The essay would demonstrate a synthesis of the two parallel views to depict their relevance in contemporary architectural practices. Finally, it would offer a reflective conclusion about lessons learned. Ornament as Right One can argue that the use of ornament in design and construction shows constant changes and evolution based on the historical periods with the influences from people, society, industrial and technological advancement. Architects of the time find new ways of expressing their moral and physical duties in different ways. One such way is the use of ornament in architectural designs for visual fancy, aesthetic and representation of cultures and history. From historical perspectives, one may notice that the relationship between ornament and architectural designs has developed or changed over the years as James Trilling observes that ornaments carried both inherent beauty and historical importance in architectural designs (Trilling, 2001). Ornaments could act as mere forms of expression or assertion of power. The concept of ornamentation in design has evolved from primitive approaches to modern forms that include photo mounting with computer-aided techniques in new designs. Architects seek to express their ideas and intents through the communicative abilities of their materials utilised in unique creations. They have relied on materials to express symbols in buildings (Kruft, 1996). However, architectural ethics required architects to restrict the use of ornaments in certain locations in their designs (Sağlam, 2013). On this note, architectural design scholars have argued that architects should provide historical accounts and explanations behind ornamentation (Sağlam, 2013; Nebois, 2006). Figure 1: The One and Only Royal Mirage, Dubai by Yasra Daud Khoker (n.d) The Gothic architectural designs have great influences in modern designs. The artists of the time managed to borrow and inculcate designs from their predecessors into their works. Consequently, such designs have remained points of reference for modern architects and proved unchanging over time. The primary point in the Gothic architecture is the use of ornament. The Gothic designs managed to incorporate major symbolic designs in architecture. One can observe all important architectural elements and ornaments in such works. However, this approach almost stalled towards the ended of the Gothic period. In this context, ornaments in designs acted as pleasant contributions to architectural works, as well as intellectual capabilities of designers. Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Thierry Nebois noted that during the Renaissance period, architects such as Leon Battista Alberti, viewed ornaments as “an element separately attached on surface of buildings” (Nebois, 2006). Hence, an ornament was considered as a supplementary light, which reflected beauty. Beauty reflected internal features of a building while ornaments remained externally attached features on a structure. In this regard, architects could not use ornaments to define beauty. In addition, an ornament acted as a link between material (nature) and the architects’ creative abilities, which provided visual perfection to designs. Therefore, an ornament was an architectural material that offered richness and imagination. Moreover, the use of ornaments in any given context evolved with time. Harry Mallgrave shows that Christopher Wren supported the use of ornaments in architectural designs (Mallgrave, 2006). Wren focused on the social and psychological relationships between ornaments and architecture as Mallgrave (2006) noted. He stressed that architecture had political roles, and public buildings acted as a country’s ornaments. Other scholars considered ornaments as integrated part of architectural processes and that ornaments were the essence of building constructions. Such authors showed that architectural processes started with ornamentation and architecture, itself, was indeed an activity of ornament (Mallgrave and Bermann, 1989). According to Mallgrave and Bermann (1989), John Ruskin had argued that ornament was about “the essence of architecture rather than being a robe put on from outside and that apart from revealing directly the relationship of humanity with god, it reflected the internal beauty of architecture” (p. 29). In this regard, one can conclude that ornaments acted as fundamental parts of architectural designs. Thus, the ‘greatness’ of a building does not lie in construction achievements but rather in the quality of ornaments and painting (Mallgrave and Bermann, 1989). Contemporary scholars and architects in the 1960s further reinforced the importance of ornaments in architectural designs. However, modern buildings resorted to the use of expressive ornaments rather than explicit symbolic ornaments (Sağlam, 2013). Therefore, all simplistic expressions in modern architectural designs represent ornamentation. A combination of various designs in a building turns it into an ornamented structure. Such aspects of ornamentation may include reinforced steel for fire resistance. This implies that they are comparable to the wall pilasters of the Gothic period. When Adolf Loos categorised ornaments as crime in designs, many proponents of ornamentation responded by asserting that ornament was not a crime. The subsequent designs of 1980s focused on expression of architectural imaginations through ornaments as scholars and architects, such as Philip Johnson, Michael Graves, Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas and others referred to their works as ornaments (Sağlam, 2013). The modern practices of ornamentation have gone beyond buildings to include other elements of artistic expressions (Collins, 1998). Architects focus on ornaments to reduce costs of constructions and enhance functionality and aesthetic quality of a structure. Thus, ornament has become a practice of modern architectural designs. Ornament as Crime While proponents of ornament justified its usages in architectural designs, its opponents argued that it was a crime. Adolf Loos made two critical views about ornaments. First, Loos claimed that ornament was not necessary in buildings. He claimed that ornament on structures reflected decadence in society (Loos, 1930). Second, Loos noted that ornament was “a crime against the national economy in that it is a waste of human labour, money and material” (Loos, 1930). We will write a custom Essay on The Question of Ornament in Architectural Design specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Loos (1930), ornament on building was wasted labour. In this regard, one can argue that ornaments did not contribute any significant benefits to a building. In fact, ornamentation resulted into superfluous decoration and unnecessary materials, which a structure did not require to maintain its position and strength even if ornaments were purposeful and functional decorations. Therefore, excluding any materials that did not contribute to strengthening and binding various parts a building was completely acceptable. Thus, capitalists had to know that ornaments resulted in wastage of investors’ funds. Loos also noted that cultural progress should focus on minimal ornamentation (Loos, 1930). This implies that ornamentation was superficial decoration, which society could avoid and still progress culturally. In other words, the use of ornaments in any form of art would end completely. Figure 2: House on Michaelerplatz, Vienna (1911) by Adolf Loos. Loos’ ideas of ornament as crime received some supports (Sağlam, 2013). For instance, some critics of ornaments argued that they were abstract elements that belonged to interior parts of any designed structure. However, the concept of ‘aesthetics of machinery’ emerged from developments in technology, techniques and industries and changed the course of ornamentation. Therefore, any house should draw aesthetic from its own structures and lines with the use of ornament. Therefore, critics of ornaments who considered them as enforcement over architecture argued that they were “meaningless and that the decorative value of futurist architecture was dependent only on the original use and organisation of materials which were rough, bare and in glamorous colours” (Loos, 1930). Such views supported Loos’ claims about ornament. Figure 3: Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station, Vienna (1899) by Otto Wagner – excessive ornamentation. Synthesis Today’s architects are losing influences on buildings as Noble notes (Noble, 2009). Noble writes that some contemporary (and a few historic) architects, such as Matthias Kohler and Frank Barkow still grapple with the question of ornament (Noble, 2009, p. 3). Therefore, ornaments in structures still attract controversy. Sağlam (2013) has shown that ornament has attracted controversy in relation to the “intellectual tendencies, technological resources and the standards of aesthetics belonging to the age” (p. 132). In other words, the use of ornament in artistic creation has expanded, but without an exact place for its existence. In addition, there are numerous applications of ornamentation in diverse forms and places using different approaches. Consequently, one can note that the application of ornaments in works of artistic expression has moved into different directions. Technologies brought about such changes right from the production stage. Despite strong criticism from Loos and fellow critics, ornament has found several applications in different buildings to enhance structure designs and beauty. In this case, ornament is an object of beauty, which adds quantitative aspects of a design and reinforces its functions and relations with pure nature (materials) and architectural designs. Not sure if you can write a paper on The Question of Ornament in Architectural Design by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One must appreciate that excessive usages of ornaments may undermine the overall intent of the artist and the intended expression. Hence, it is imperative for architects to limit ornament usages to necessary areas and save costs and labour. This essay shows that matters regarding architectural ornament have developed and changed with the history of building designs. In these processes, ornament has been regarded as an element of social and psychological functions. Hence, its use and debate continue to rage on as scholars and architect struggle to find the balance. Therefore, it would be imperative for contemporary architects and scholars to adopt the best elements from ornament and shun superfluous and excessive usages since they cannot resist it (Brolin, 2000). Reflective Conclusion Scholars and professionals of architectural designs should express their supports toward architecture by adopting the best elements through unification processes. This would eliminate the distinction between monumental art and superfluous, unnecessary practices. This would enhance the complete work of art. Therefore, designs should have beauty as a distinct element of creativity, which should not undermine the functional design of materials used and functionality of a structure. In every design in any location, one must come across some elements of ornamentation based on the efforts, thinking, creativity and design focus of the architect, who wishes to communicate through his or her work. This has promoted the relevance of ornament from the period of Vitruvius to modern periods. Therefore, architectural designs are means of communication, which architects can rely on to narrate and present their perceptions and thoughts to the public. This provides a special role for ornaments in terms of function and meaning, which may differ based on the period or age. Therefore, this essay, Ornaments as Right or Crime: the Question of Ornament in Architectural Design, asserts that architects should avoid superfluous and excessive decorative approaches and favour functional and meaningful usages of ornaments in architectural designs as the right balance. Overall, architects must find the right way to express ideas and communicate to the public. Reference List Brolin, C 2000, Architectural Ornament Punishment and Return, W.W.Norton and Co, New York. Web. Collins, P 1998, Changing Ideals in Modern Architecture, McGill Queens University Press, Kingston, Ontario. Web. Kruft, H 1996, A History of Architectural Theory from Vitruvius to the Present, Princeton Architectural Press, New York. Web. Loos, A 1930, Ornament and Crime, Innsbruck, Vienna. Web. Mallgrave, H F 2006, Architectural Theory Vol. I