Gas Exchange Essay, Research Paper
Describe four characteristics of Alveoli that allow them to transport out
gas exchanges expeditiously o
little?
so that the respiratory surface is much larger and much
more gas can be exchanged, o
surrounded by capillaries?
so that instances are exchanged by diffusion as a
effect of the different partial force per unit areas of O and C dioxide, O
the barrier between the air in an albeolus and the
blood in its capillaries is merely approximately.5 micron ; o
the air sacs have their ain capillaries so that they can
transport away the O and CO2. Explain the necessity of a airing system
airing lungs- the exchange of air with the
atmosphere takes topographic point by majority flow as a consequence of chagnes in lung volume. Pull a diagram of the gas exchange system including windpipe,
bronchial tube, bronchioles and lungs State the difference between take a breathing and cell respiration
Breathing- inspiration. This is merely taking in air into
the organic structure
Respiration is the dislocation of glucose utilizing O.
Besides, take a breathing is carried out by the organic structure ; respiration is carried out by
single cells. Explain how exercising improves the operation of the bosom and
the lungs o
bosom?
shot volume O
lung?
tidal volume O
taking to a lowering of both rates Explain how and why take a breathing rate varies with exercising
Variation in take a breathing rate Os
addition in co2 degree O
lowering of pH O
detected by chemosensors ( in aorta and carotid
arterias ) o
send urges to take a breathing Centre of encephalon ( encephalon root ) O
nervus urges to diaphragm and intercostals musculuss to
increase contraction/relaxation rate O
nonvoluntary control, but to some extent governable
voluntarily Outline a Health job associated with gas exchange
? The lung is
usually protected by ciliated cells run alonging the windpipe and bronchial tube. The cilia
expanse out atoms in the respired air that are caught in the mucous secretion secreted
by the goblet cells. These cilia are paralysed by chemicals in coffin nail fume.
Cancer cells originating in the bronchial tube by and large do non hold cilia. 5.5
Homeostasis Define Homeostasis the care of a changeless
internal environment which ensures that an being? s cells ever see
those conditions which permit effectual functi
oning. Explain the Concept of homeostasis with mention to organic structure
temperature and degrees of blood glucose a.
Heat
I.
Monitoring & # 8211 ; Thermoreceptors 1. Skin
temperature is monitored by thermoreceptors in the tegument 2. Blood
temperature is monitored by thermoreceptors in heat Centres in the hypothalamus
two.
Heat Adjustment mechanisms 1. Warming
down a. Vasodilation b. Sweating 2. Warming
Up a. Vasoconstriction B. Increased
cell metamorphosis c. Shivering B.
Glucose Adjustment mechanisms
I.
Glucose degrees monitored by chemoreceptors in Pancreas 1. Degrees
rise due to diet or let go of from liver and musculuss by demand 2. Degrees
autumn due to respiration or transition to other metabolites or for storage
( animal starch )
two.
Adjustment mechanisms 1. Degrees
rise a. Pancreas
cells glucagons which stimulates liver cells to change over ( enzymically ) animal starch
straight to glucose. 2. Degrees
high a. Other
pancreas cells secrete insulin that stimulate
I.
Cell respiration
two.
Increased soaking up of glucose by musculus cells
three.
Increased transition of glucose 1. to
fat ( in adipose tissue ) 2. to
animal starch in a. liver
cells b. musculus
cells Explain the construct of Negative Feedback
Internet Explorer. a house thermostat- when the temperature in your
house drops below the preset thermoregulator degree, the thermoregulator turns the furnace
on.
When the termperature rises above the preset
temperature the thermoregulator turns the heat off. A divergence from a & # 8216 ; preset & # 8217 ;
status stimulates a response that reduces the divergence. State that The nervus ( thermoregulation ) and hormone ( glucose
ordinance ) systems are involved in homeostasis. Describe the constituents of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervousnesss?
Particular cells called nerve cells?
Carry electrical urges quickly State that the hormone system consists of secretory organs which release
endocrines that are transported in the blood Define Excretion
The remotion from an being of the toxic waste
merchandises of an being. Define Osmoregulation
The control of the osmotic and H2O potency in a
cell or inside a life being State the Functions of the kidney
Osmoregulation
Elimination
Answer the following questions
Assignment Question(s): (Marks 10)
Q1. Examine with suitable examples, how “organization strategy provides a valuable contribution in achieving organization vision?” Give an example of a Saudi company and assess two examples of organizational strategies and operating plans. (2 Marks)
Answer:
Q2. X Ltd. manufactures plastic products and sells them for SAR 350 per unit. The firm’s variable cost per unit is SAR 90, while its total fixed costs are SAR 110,000. The company expects to sell 1,800 units in the coming year. Calculate the following: (2 Marks)
Degree of operating leverage
Margin of safety in units
Margin of safety in SAR value
Margin of safety in percentage
Answer:
Q3. What is regression analysis and how does it help in estimating a cost function? Interpret your results with a numerical example. (2 Marks)
Answer:
Q4. A plastic product is manufactured by SLT Company. For total costs, the company estimates the cost function. The number of units is the cost driver. The following details were gathered:
(2 Marks)
Month
Units
Total Cost (SAR)
March
4,370
44,300
April
4,680
44,600
May
5,000
45,000
June
5,300
45,400
July
5,600
47,500
August
5,900
57,500
September
3,400
40,000
October
4,100
40,625
Use the high-low analysis method and answer the following:
Calculate Variable Costs and fixed costs.
Determine the cost function.
Answer:
Q5. The following information is related to CTH Corporation which manufactures a single product: (2 Marks)
Selling price per unit: SAR 800
Variable cost per unit: SAR 240
Total fixed cost: SAR 400,000
You are required to calculate:
Contribution margin per unit and contribution margin ratio.
The break-even point in units and break-even point is sales value SAR.
Pretax profit of the company if it sells 1,400 units of the product.
The number of units required to sell to reach a target pretax profit of SAR 200,000?
Answer: