The pertinent requirementsProposal of the necessary solution elements (related to the IT disciplines)Development of a high-level plan for implementing the solutionThis first section of the Systems Implementation Plan should answer the following questions:What specific and detailed requirements are addressed in the solution, and how?What does Verbania need from an IT perspective to set up the needed infrastructure?What is included in the solution’s hardware and software infrastructure?Include a high-level network diagram that illustrates the required hardware and software infrastructure on the company’s premise. Explain access from the perspective of employee (internal and external access) and end user (remote access).prepare 5–7 pages of content describing Planning and System Requirements
AIU Planning and System Requirements Verbania Discussion
Deontology
Required Reading: Kantianism
Required Reading: Introduction to Deontology
Required Reading: The Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals by Immanuel Kant
Watch this video introducing Kantian ethics
Watch this video explaining the Categorical Imperative
Writing assignment:
In 500 words or more (no less), create a maxim and evaluate it via the three formulations of the Categorical Imperative. Your maxim should only involve moral questions [i.e. “Stealing is always wrong”, but not “Doing jumping jacks is always wrong”]. The moral question should be general enough to apply to first principles and should involve no circumstantial qualifiers [i.e. “Stealing is always wrong”, not “If I am not hungry or chasing a bad guy or when no one is looking, stealing is always wrong”]. You may use examples, but you will still need to include a full scholarly definition of each, with commentary.
Stratford University Week 4 Maxim Categorical Imperative Formulations Essay
War on Terror in Saudi Arabia and Arab Gulf States Essay
Table of Contents Introduction to the topic Outline of the arguments Assessment and critique of the arguments Further discussion Conclusion Works Cited Introduction to the topic Since the beginning of a series of democratic protests, revolutions, and uprisings throughout North Africa and the Middle East in the spring of 2011, the political atmosphere in this region took on an entirely different turn. The movement that was later named the Arab Spring changed the mode of political life in the Arab world in general and in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States, in particular. Moreover, it is also important to point out the fact that the atmosphere of riots and uprisings not only forced the reaction from the governments and leaders of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states but also became a catalyzing agent of the multi-faceted political agenda in the region. In particular, during the Arab Spring and intermediately afterward, a lot of new forces appeared at the political scene of Arab countries, and the social and political dynamics in many of the Arab states changed quite drastically. One of the aspects that today should be assessed under a different angle is the incentives, strategies, and practical evidence of the War on Terror in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states. Toby Matthiesen in his article A “Saudi Spring”?: The Shi’a Protest Movement in the Eastern Province 2011–2012 supports the idea that the Arab Spring triggered a reconsideration of the role of Arab states in the global political arena because the movement came as a surprise for both policy-makers and scholars researching Middle East (Matthiesen 628). According to Matthiesen, in the context of general political turmoil, the War on Terror became indivisible from the governmental repressions and violent protests. On the other hand, the states, in which the ruling dynasties and authoritative leaders managed to preserve their political regimes, need to be viewed from the strategic point of view, as allies in the War on Terror (Hegghammer 5). However, it is also important to assess the internal policies of those governments in terms of the legitimacy of their regimes and the balance between their goals and democratic values. Therefore, the phenomenon of War on Terror should be analyzed in a broader context of the current political situation in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states, including the oppositions between democratic uprisings, violent radical groups, and authoritative governments. Thus, the objective of this paper is to assess the role of different political forces of the international arena, ideological movements and uprisings, and the governments of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states in the War on Terror in this region. Outline of the arguments Multiple layers are leading to understanding the political situation in the Arab World, especially because it is so highly affected by the religious nuances. Matthiesen claims that “protests in Saudi Arabia started at the periphery, in regions with disenfranchised and marginalized populations” mainly because of the religious discrimination led by the government against Shi‘a inhabitants of the Eastern Saudi Provinces (Matthiesen 630). Therefore, Matthiesen raises the question of to which extent it is reasonable to tolerate the discrimination promoted by the government, especially in the context of the War on Terror, which is, in many ways, a conflict of values and ideological nature. However, it is also important to underline the fact that the analysis of the ideological and religious struggle in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States should rely not only on studying democratic movements as the factor of the political scene but also the historical and contemporary connotations of intermediate military opposition against terrorist forces. Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In such a way, Hegghammer in his work The Failure of Jihad in Saudi Arabia attempts to examine the reasons why the terrorist movements did not manage to gain influence in Saudi Arabia and some other of the Gulf States. One of the main unresolved, in this respect, is the question of American military presence in Saudi Arabia during the Gulf crisis and the terrorist activities in the Middle East led by Bin Laden, as well as the implications of this opposition for the further development of Saudi Arabian political life. Bin Laden and other fundamentalist movements objected against the presence of American troops because the latter were considered infidel to Islam. However, the Saudi Arabian government saw the United States not only as a force that would help to stabilize the region but also as an ally in terms of economic cooperation. Saudi Arabia has a strong alliance with the Western countries based on trading oil. According to Hegghammer, one of the arguments against the presence of American military troops in the region, and especially in the Eastern Saudi provinces, was that it “facilitated the exploitation of oil resources and enforced expensive arms deals on the Saudi state” (Hegghammer 7). In other words, of course, from the standpoint of Bin Laden and terrorist groups, the U.S. presence in the Gulf States was considered as the root of evil, and the ruling dynasty’s regime was proclaimed as an accomplice to American actions. However, it is much more important to point out the fact that despite the attempts of al-Qaida leadership to undermine the cooperation between the U.S. military in the region and Saudi government, the situation after the Gulf Crisis in Saudi Arabia has stabilized. Thus, although, it countries such as Algeria and Egypt, the activity of al-Qaida and other terrorist groups did not cease to exist, for Saudi Arabia, there were some small achievements in terms of War on Terror. The main objective was to introduce peace to the region and to seek resolutions for the conflicts between the government and radicalized groups. Nevertheless, despite the peace-seeking efforts of the government, in 2003, al-Qaida started a military campaign in Saudi Arabia. Hegghammer considers the AQAP Campaign, which lasted from 2003 to 2006, to be the “historically unprecedented levels of internal violence” as terrorist forces battled the security and special forces of the Kingdom, although they intended to attack the non-Muslim Westerners living in Saudi Arabia (Hegghammer 7). Eventually, the operation failed without the changes to the regime in Saudi Arabia. However, the fail of a terrorist operation of such a scale signaled that there were factors in the Middle Eastern societies that put jihadists in a disadvantaged situation. Assessment and critique of the arguments Hegghammer in his work The Failure of Jihad in Saudi Arabia and Toby Matthiesen in his article attempt to analyze slightly different phenomena related to the political situation in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Arab states in general, and the War on Terror, in particular. Hegghammer claims that the priority of the research is to examine the terrorist movements as the agents of the political scene in the Middle East and the reasons for their failure in conducting military operations and terrorist attacks. Among the main reasons of the lack of success for al-Qaida operations in Saudi Arabia, Hegghammer names the “coercive power of the state, the second was lack of popular support for AQAP’s project, the third was the Iraq war, which divided the classical and global jihadists to the latter’s disadvantage” (Hegghammer 18). We will write a custom Essay on War on Terror in Saudi Arabia and Arab Gulf States specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, the fact that at that time, radical movements experienced the lack of popular support is of great significance, alongside the implications of the Iraq war. However, the author did not extend the argument further to analyze the role of Saudi citizens. The author suggested that the Saudi government was even criticized for being too ‘soft’ and tolerant with the terrorists, whereas some other governments of the Arab World, including but not limited to Egypt and Algeria relied on using quite repressive counterterrorism methods to prove its allegiance with the Western world. However, the interpretation of the Saudi government’s actions on this particular occasion could be interpreted differently from the explanation suggested by Hegghammer. From the perspective of Saudi citizens of non-Eastern provinces, the stability in their country was the best possible outcome. Due to the international cooperation of Saudi Arabia on the oil market and with the help of steady-state power and firm dynastical reign, the citizens could be relatively contented with the level of economic prosperity whereas the recent Iraq war produced a vivid example of what instability could lead to. Therefore, the position of the government, which did not want to apply harsh or repressive counterterrorism measures, could be based on the fact that the citizens did not need additional discouraging against terrorism because they would not support radical societal changes. From the standpoint of Matthiesen’s view on the political situation in Saudi Arabia and the Arab Gulf states, it is important to note the fact that Matthiesen condemns the “deadly violence used by the state, which had killed four and injured dozens in a single week” during the Shi‘a rebellions (Matthiesen 651). However, similarly, the violent actions used by the radicalized activists themselves could be misinterpreted. Although they started as a protest against religious discrimination, the uprising galvanized after the violent interference from the government and took on a much more brutal and aggressive tone. The government responded with a genuine manhunt for the leaders of the uprising (Matthiesen 653). Nevertheless, Matthiesen did not focus on several factors regarding the violent rebellions in Saudi Arabia during the Arab Spring. First of all, like many other countries of the Gulf, the Saudi Arabian government reacted quite strongly to the uprising. Due to the economic situation in the state and the substantial influence of the reigning dynasty, the regime did not change. Secondly, from the Western counties, the reaction of the government to the uprising was too aggressive and not suitable for the democratic society, especially compared to the regime’s ‘soft’ response to terrorist operations in 2003 – 2006. Further discussion In many ways, after analyzing and assessing the implications of the reactions of the governments of Arab Gulf states and Saudi Arabia, it is clear that those responses can be differently interpreted. While the reaction of Saudi Arabian government to the al-Qaida operations in 2003 – 2006 was generally considered not ‘repressive’ enough in the West, the measures applied by the government, to calm the protesters during the events of the Arab Spring was not exactly within the norms of a democratic society. For that reason, the broader theme of the works by Matthiesen and Hegghammer is, of course, the question whether Saudi Arabia and other Arab Gulf state that preserved their, in many aspects, undemocratic regimes should be considered allies or enemies in terms of War on Terror. Not sure if you can write a paper on War on Terror in Saudi Arabia and Arab Gulf States by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, according to Cordesman, the main challenge in this situation stands in front of Arab countries themselves. They are pressured both by the agenda of the Western states, on the cooperation with which their economic stability quite often depend and by the ideological attacks of extremist groups (Cordesman Saudi Arabia: Friend or Foe in the War on Terror 29). Moreover, there are also some security challenges for the government because excessive resistance against the extremists could result in Gulf states becoming one of the primary targets for the terrorist groups, while the security cannot be ignored because of the safety and stability in the region (Cordesman Saudi Arabia Enters the Twenty-First Century 35). Another concern is that lack of actions in terms of counterterrorism can also result in difficulties in relations with the Western countries, especially considering the changes to the cooperation between Saudi Arabia and the United States after September 11, 2001 (Zuhur 3). Conclusion Overall, understanding of the role of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states in the War on Terror should consider different challenges existing in those countries. Although a possibly insufficiently strong reaction from the government to the terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia and repressive means of dealing with democratic uprising during the Arab Spring seem inconsistent, all societal factors should be taken into account to avoid any misinterpretation. Works Cited Cordesman, Anthony. Saudi Arabia Enters the Twenty-First Century. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. Print. Cordesman, Anthony. “Saudi Arabia: Friend or Foe in the War on Terror?”Middle East Policy 13.1 (2006): 28-42. Print. Hegghammer, Thomas. The Failure of Jihad in Saudi Arabia. West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center, 2010. Print. Matthiesen, Toby. “A “Saudi Spring”?: The Shi’a Protest Movement in the Eastern Province 2011–2012.” The Middle East Journal 66.4 (2012): 628-659. Print. Zuhur, Sherifa. Saudi Arabia: Islamic Threat, Political Reform, and the Global War on Terror. Collingdale, Pennsylvania: Diane Publishing, 2005. Print.
Carlos Ghosn’s approach to turning Nissan around
custom essay Carlos Ghosn’s approach to turning Nissan around. In order to give a thorough in-depth evaluation of Carlos Ghosn’s approach to turning Nissan around I have chosen to apply John Kotter’s 8-step model to strategic change implementation (Kotter J. P., 1996) displayed below. Kotter is regarded as an authority within the field of organization and change management and I find his model helps securing a comprehensive evaluation. The model is usually used as a forward-looking plan for how to handle a change process, but I will apply it as a retrospective analytical tool to review how the process was handled at Nissan. The first three steps are about creating the right climate for change and making sure the organization is ready to make a move ahead. The next three steps are about engaging and enabling the organization to pursue the strategy. Without support from a large part of the organization, change will not be successful, but equally important the organization needs to be equipped to handle such process change. The last two steps are all about implementing and sustaining change. Without focus on these aspects the organization is in risk of regress. The assignment puts emphasis on organizational and national culture. That is for good reason as I find them central aspects of the challenges Ghosn was facing, when he took over as the first non-Japanese COO of Nissan. Kotter’s 8-step model does not focus on culture, but it is implicitly handled in several of the steps – most noticeable in step two and four. In the conclusion I will sum up the findings in the analysis and explicitly answer the four questions given in the text. 1 •Establish a sense of urgency2 •Form a powerful coalition3 •Create a vision4 •Communicate the vision5 •Empower others6 •Plan for and create short-term wins7 •Consolidate improvements8 •Institutionalize changes 3 | P a g e 2. EVALUATION – ANALYSIS 2.1 ESTABLISH A SENSE OF URGENCY “It is an ill wind that blows no good”, this was also the case for the Yamaichi bankruptcy. The misfortune of the major financial house in Japan helped open the eyes of the employees in Nissan. Now the employees realized that lifetime employment was no longer a reality and that they had to do their own part to secure the company’s future and thus their own jobs. “Ghosn, to his credit, used the Yamaichi example whenever he could to continue to motivate his employees, repeating that their fate would be no different if they did not put all of their effort into figuring out, and then executing, the best way to turn Nissan around.” (MillikinCarlos Ghosn’s approach to turning Nissan around
Discussion
Discussion. Paper details Besides those listed in the text, give an example of a nonexperimental research study and tell why nonexperimental research (in general) is important to scientific progress. For your response post to another student, look at the nonexperimental research study the student chose and state why that specific nonexperimental research would be important to scientific progress. Students cannot repeat answers; therefore, once a nonexperimental research study has been chosen, another student cannot use the same one. Original posts need at least 100 words and response posts need at least 50.Discussion
Generation of ATMP in Cell Metabolism
Generation of ATMP in Cell Metabolism. Cell Metabolism This essay will examine cell metabolism and in connection to this will be looking to the generation of ATP in metabolism, metabolic pathways and how they are regulated as well as how tricarboxylic acid cycle in generating ATP. To assist with the explanation of diagrams will be throughout. The term adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used for the processes which energy transferring within cells, this includes the nerve impulses, metabolism functions and preforming muscles contractions. ATP is within the cytoplasm within cells and this is the best location for ATP as it needs to be near all parts of the cell to ensure the energy is beneficial for all chemical and mechanical reactions and it can be generated when it is required. The intermediary molecules build energy of exergonic and endergonic processes which lead to chemical reactions, some of these include fermentation, cellular division, photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. ATP is fulfilled with pentose sugar which is known as ribose along with its base adenine, they make nucleoside adenosine which have three phosphate groups. Adenine Phosphate groups These cannot be broken Ribose Although ATP is very important for cells, they only contain a small amount at each time, this is because the cells must recycle it due to cells not importing it. ATP can be produced by several cellular processes which have three pathways in eukaryotes which are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle/oxidative phosphorylation and beta-oxidation. The ATP produced by redox reactions also which is by using carbohydrates or fat as a source of energy, fuels like glycogen and starch then need to be broken to smaller molecules as they can be used to synthesise ATP. The oxidation process of glucose which is needed is called cellular respiration which can create 30ATP from one molecule of glucose. This leads on to metabolic pathway, they help the body’s metabolism function smoothly as different factors can change the body’s metabolism rate for example genes and diseases and life style. The metabolic pathway is connected to cells within the body and the chemical reactions that occurs as it is the reaction chains from where the chemical products become the substrate to the next step. Substrate are transformed chemically through the reactions that belong to one of the two pathways which are the anabolic pathway and the catabolic pathway. Due to complex chemicals that living organisms require the metabolism process is put into different stages so that one reaction can follow another, specific enzymes control each of the reactions and how fast these happen as well as when they happen. Anabolic pathways need energy which means they change molecules into more complex molecules. An example of this is that amino acids can be used to build carbon dioxide and proteins which can be used to make sugar and nucleic acid, these can then be used to make new DNA strands (These are found in most cells) openoregon.pressbooks.pub Catabolic pathways are used to release the energy while it breaks down molecules into smaller/simpler molecules. An example of this is cellular respiration, sugar is taken in by the cell and then released into energy. Many metabolic pathways are self-regulated, this means that if a substance is needed then one of the two pathways are activated so that the substance is produced. The pathway becomes deactivated once the substance has been produced this is due to the enzymes within the metabolic pathway become inhibited by the end which leads to the being lifted or removed however the enzymes could be switched on again for the pathway to begin again. This process is known as negative feedback which is a mechanism used to ensure that homeostasis is maintained within the body. The information found from the end of the pathway is then sent back to the start which leads to a negative effect because it leads to a reduced production rate. www.slideplayer.com The end product blocks all five genes transcription. This means no enzymes are produced. The end product feeds back which inhibited any activity from enzyme 1 which blocks the pathway. As you can see enzymes play a big part in the bodies metabolism, it is important they are normal and healthy to act in the most beneficial way to the task they need to undertake, there a different conditions however that can influence them and the way the work for example the temperature of the enzymes need to be correct at 35-40 degrees, they also need to be within the correct pH level range as they are healthy if they are not this will lead to the metabolised being halted. Enough energy is needed within them to process with the pathway as if they have no energy the pathway be not be able to happen. The tricarboxylic acid cycle (The kerbs cycle) is a closed pathway which is enzyme-controlled, its energy is important as it yields the adenosine triphosphate. The cycle has different steps and there is always a supply of electrons being provided to the electron transport chain which then leads to the oxidative phosphorylation process. The cycle happens within the mitochondrion and then follows the processes of link reaction and glycolysis which is from the process of respiration. There is 1 molecule of oxaloacetate which is important to keep the cycle flowing. (eng.libretexts.org) There are 3 molecules of reduced NAD within the cycle. (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) There are 2 molecules of carbon dioxide within the cycle. (co2) Oxygen is only required for the final stage of respiration which is oxidative phosphorylation. There is 1 molecule of reduced FAD within the cycle (flavine adenine dinucleotide) There is 1 molecule of ATP(Substrate level phosphorylation) The cycle must happen twice so that there are 2 molecules of ATP The cycle is important for removing carbon dioxide so that it does not affect the pH levels which are important for the enzymes and their performance within the body. As well as this the cycle assist with reducing the power so the electron transport chain which produces hydrogen atoms as well as providing different substance such as fatty acids and amino acids. Within the cycle proteins and organic molecules are within the inner membrane or the mitochondria and as electrons pass from one another it causes to a series of redox reactions. The energy releases within the reaction and captures as a proton gradient. This then makes use of the ATP and this together is chemiosmosis. Together the electron cycle and the chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. This important to deliver electrons by NADH and FADH, the respiration transfer ensures cellular respiration. Throughout this essay cell metabolism has been examined especially in connection with ATP and how the metabolic pathways and the tricarboxylic acid cycle work with it. It is important to take this information and look at how individuals’ lifestyles assist with the process of the body’s metabolism as well as how different diseased can prevent it from working to the best ability. The use of diagrams within this essay ensure that that information can be easily understood. References ATP: DefinitionGeneration of ATMP in Cell Metabolism